CVEs of 2025.

An unauthenticated unrestricted file upload vulnerability allows an attacker to upload malicious binaries and scripts to the server.

Code execution Server

A malicious backdoor was embedded in the official ProFTPD 1.3.3c source tarball distributed between November 28 and December 2, 2010. The backdoor implements a hidden FTP command trigger that, when invoked, causes the server to execute arbitrary shell commands with root privileges. This allows remote, unauthenticated attackers to run any OS command on the FTP server host.

Code execution Server Proftpd

The Starter Templates plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file upload in all versions up to, and including, 4.4.41. This is due to insufficient file type validation detecting WXR files, allowing double extension files to bypass sanitization while being accepted as a valid WXR file. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with author-level access and above, to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible.

Code execution Web app

A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK X2000R 1.0.0-B20230726.1108 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /boafrm/formWsc. The manipulation of the argument peerRptPin leads to command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Code execution Network gear Totolink x2000r Firmware

Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type vulnerability in Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server allows Code Injection.This issue affects MagicINFO 9 Server: less than 21.1080.0.

Code execution Server Samsung Magicinfo 9 Server

IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5 and 9.0 could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the system with a specially crafted sequence of serialized objects.

Code execution Server IBM Websphere Application Server

An insecure deserialization operation in the Trend Micro Endpoint Encryption PolicyServer could lead to a pre-authentication remote code execution on affected installations. Note that this vulnerability is similar to CVE-2025-49212 but is in a different method.

Code execution Trendmicro Trend Micro Endpoint Encryption

An insecure deserialization operation in the Trend Micro Endpoint Encryption PolicyServer could lead to a pre-authentication remote code execution on affected installations. Note that this vulnerability is similar to CVE-2025-49220 but is in a different method.

Code execution Trendmicro Trend Micro Endpoint Encryption

A vulnerability in a specific API of Cisco ISE and Cisco ISE-PIC could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the underlying operating system as root. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input. An attacker with valid credentials could exploit this vulnerability by submitting a crafted API request. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute commands as the root user. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have valid high-privileged credentials.

Code execution Network gear Cisco Identity Services Engine

n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. From version 1.0.0 to before 2.0.0, a sandbox bypass vulnerability exists in the Python Code Node that uses Pyodide. An authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary commands on the host system running n8n, using the same privileges as the n8n process. This issue has been patched in version 2.0.0. Workarounds for this issue involve disabling the Code Node by setting the environment variable NODES_EXCLUDE: "[\"n8n-nodes-base.code\"]", disabling Python support in the Code node by setting the environment variable N8N_PYTHON_ENABLED=false, which was introduced in n8n version 1.104.0, and configuring n8n to use the task runner based Python sandbox via the N8N_RUNNERS_ENABLED and N8N_NATIVE_PYTHON_RUNNER environment variables.

Code execution n8n

A flaw was found in Yelp. The Gnome user help application allows the help document to execute arbitrary scripts. This vulnerability allows malicious users to input help documents, which may exfiltrate user files to an external environment.

Code execution Gnome Yelp

SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer Metadata Uploader is vulnerable when a privileged user can upload untrusted or malicious content which, when deserialized, could potentially lead to a compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the host system.

Drop everything exploited Code execution Web app Sap Netweaver

Type Confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 137.0.7151.103 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

Code execution Browser & mail Google Chrome

A security flaw has been discovered in ZSPACE Q2C NAS up to 1.1.0210050. Affected by this vulnerability is the function zfilev2_api.SafeStatus of the file /v2/file/safe/status of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument safe_dir results in command injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure and confirmed the existence of the vulnerability. A technical fix is planned to be released.

Code execution Network gear Zspace q2c Nas Firmware

Flowise is a drag & drop user interface to build a customized large language model flow. A file upload vulnerability in version 3.0.7 of FlowiseAI allows authenticated users to upload arbitrary files without proper validation. This enables attackers to persistently store malicious Node.js web shells on the server, potentially leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE). The system fails to validate file extensions, MIME types, or file content during uploads. As a result, malicious scripts such as Node.js-based web shells can be uploaded and stored persistently on the server. These shells expose HTTP endpoints capable of executing arbitrary commands if triggered. The uploaded shell does not automatically execute, but its presence allows future exploitation via administrator error or chained vulnerabilities. This presents a high-severity threat to system integrity and confidentiality. As of time of publication, no known patched versions are available.

Code execution Web app Flowiseai Flowise

Apache Causeway faces Java deserialization vulnerabilities that allow remote code execution (RCE) through user-controllable URL parameters. These vulnerabilities affect all applications using Causeway's ViewModel functionality and can be exploited by authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code with application privileges.  This issue affects all current versions. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.5.0, which fixes the issue.

Code execution Server Apache Causeway

ColdFusion versions 2025.4, 2023.16, 2021.22 and earlier are affected by an Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type vulnerability that could lead to arbitrary code execution by a high priviledged attacker. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction and scope is changed.

Code execution Web app Adobe Coldfusion

A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK N150RT 3.4.0-B20190525. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /boafrm/formWsc. The manipulation of the argument localPin leads to command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Code execution Network gear Totolink n150rt Firmware

Hoverfly is an open source API simulation tool. In versions 1.11.3 and prior, the middleware functionality in Hoverfly is vulnerable to command injection vulnerability at `/api/v2/hoverfly/middleware` endpoint due to insufficient validation and sanitization in user input. The vulnerability exists in the middleware management API endpoint `/api/v2/hoverfly/middleware`. This issue is born due to combination of three code level flaws: Insufficient Input Validation in middleware.go line 94-96; Unsafe Command Execution in local_middleware.go line 14-19; and Immediate Execution During Testing in hoverfly_service.go line 173. This allows an attacker to gain remote code execution (RCE) on any system running the vulnerable Hoverfly service. Since the input is directly passed to system commands without proper checks, an attacker can upload a malicious payload or directly execute arbitrary commands (including reverse shells) on the host server with the privileges of the Hoverfly process. Commit 17e60a9bc78826deb4b782dca1c1abd3dbe60d40 in version 1.12.0 disables the set middleware API by default, and subsequent changes to documentation make users aware of the security changes of exposing the set middleware API.

Code execution Server Hoverfly

A vulnerability was detected in D-Link DIR-605 202WWB03. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component Firmware Update Service. Performing manipulation results in command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.

Code execution Network gear Dlink dir-605 Firmware

ColdFusion versions 2025.4, 2023.16, 2021.22 and earlier are affected by a Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. A high privileged attacker could exploit this vulnerability by providing maliciously crafted serialized data to the application. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction and scope is changed.

Code execution Web app Adobe Coldfusion

Under certain conditions, a high privileged user could exploit a deserialization vulnerability in SAP jConnect to launch remote code execution. The system may be vulnerable when specially crafted input is used to exploit the vulnerability resulting in high impact on confidentiality, integrity and availability of the system.

Code execution

An authenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists in the SMA 100 series web management interface. A remote attacker with administrative privileges can exploit this flaw to upload arbitrary files to the system, potentially leading to remote code execution.

Code execution Device Sonicwall Sma 210 Firmware

Deserialization of untrusted data in Ivanti EPM before the 2024 January-2025 Security Update and 2022 SU6 January-2025 Security Update allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution. Local user interaction is required.

Code execution Network gear Ivanti Endpoint Manager

A business logic vulnerability in the Up2Date component of Sophos Firewall older than version 21.0 MR1 (20.0.1) can lead to attackers controlling the firewall’s DNS environment to achieve remote code execution.

Code execution Network gear Sophos Firewall Firmware

A reliance on cookies without validation and integrity checking vulnerability in Fortinet FortiWeb 8.0.0 through 8.0.1, FortiWeb 7.6.0 through 7.6.5, FortiWeb 7.4.0 through 7.4.10, FortiWeb 7.2.0 through 7.2.11, FortiWeb 7.0.0 through 7.0.11 may allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary operations on the system via crafted HTTP or HTTPS request via forged cookies, requiring prior knowledge of the FortiWeb serial number.

Code execution Network gear Fortinet Fortiweb

The WP Mobile Detector plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type validation in resize.php file in versions up to, and including, 3.5. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files on the affected sites server which may make remote code execution possible.

Code execution Web app WP Mobile Detector Project WP Mobile Detector

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in H3C Magic NX15, Magic NX30 Pro, Magic NX400, Magic R3010 and Magic BE18000 up to V100R014. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /api/login/auth of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation leads to command injection. The attack needs to be initiated within the local network. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.

Code execution Network gear

Type Confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 131.0.6778.264 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside a sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

Code execution Browser & mail Google Chrome

A vulnerability has been found in Teledyne FLIR AX8 up to 1.46.16. This impacts the function subscribe_to_spot/subscribe_to_delta/subscribe_to_alarm of the file /usr/www/application/models/subscriptions.php of the component Backend. Such manipulation leads to command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 1.49.16 will fix this issue. It is suggested to upgrade the affected component. The vendor points out: "FLIR AX8 internal web site has been refactored to be able to handle the reported vulnerabilities."

Code execution Device Flir ax8 Firmware

The AIT CSV import/export plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type validation in the /wp-content/plugins/ait-csv-import-export/admin/upload-handler.php file in versions up to, and including, 3.0.3. This makes it possible for unauthorized attackers to upload arbitrary files on the affected sites server which may make remote code execution possible.

Code execution Web app ait-themes Csv Import \/ Export

Redis is an open source, in-memory database that persists on disk. In versions 8.2.0 and above, a user can run the XACKDEL command with multiple ID's and trigger a stack buffer overflow, which may potentially lead to remote code execution. This issue is fixed in version 8.2.3. To workaround this issue without patching the redis-server executable is to prevent users from executing XACKDEL operation. This can be done using ACL to restrict XACKDEL command.

Code execution Server Redis

A vulnerability was determined in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. This affects the function sub_4030C0 of the file /cgi-bin/wireless.cgi of the component Delete_Mac_list Page. Executing manipulation of the argument delete_list can lead to command injection. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Code execution Device Wavlink wl-nu516u1 Firmware

A vulnerability was detected in ADSLR B-QE2W401 250814-r037c. Affected by this issue is the function parameterdel_swifimac of the file /send_order.cgi. Performing manipulation of the argument del_swifimac results in command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Code execution Device Adslr b-qe2w401 Firmware

A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-619L 2.04B04. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function wake_on_lan. The manipulation of the argument mac leads to command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.

Code execution Network gear Dlink dir-619l Firmware

ThrottleStop.sys, a legitimate driver, exposes two IOCTL interfaces that allow arbitrary read and write access to physical memory via the MmMapIoSpace function. This insecure implementation can be exploited by a malicious user-mode application to patch the running Windows kernel and invoke arbitrary kernel functions with ring-0 privileges. The vulnerability enables local attackers to execute arbitrary code in kernel context, resulting in privilege escalation and potential follow-on attacks, such as disabling security software or bypassing kernel-level protections. ThrottleStop.sys version 3.0.0.0 and possibly others are affected. Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Code execution OS & kernel

Invoice Ninja before 5.10.43 allows remote code execution from a pre-authenticated route when an attacker knows the APP_KEY. This is exacerbated by .env files, available from the product's repository, that have default APP_KEY values. The route/{hash} route defined in the invoiceninja/routes/client.php file can be accessed without authentication. The parameter {hash} is passed to the function decrypt that expects a Laravel ciphered value containing a serialized object. (Furthermore, Laravel contains several gadget chains usable to trigger remote command execution from arbitrary deserialization.) Therefore, an attacker in possession of the APP_KEY is able to fully control a string passed to an unserialize function.

Code execution Web app

A vulnerability has been found in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. The affected element is the function sub_401778 of the file /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi. Such manipulation of the argument dmz_flag leads to command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Code execution Network gear Wavlink wl-nu516u1 Firmware

The WPBookit plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to missing file type validation in the image_upload_handle() function hooked via the 'add_booking_type' route in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.4. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files on the affected site's server which may make remote code execution possible.

Code execution Web app Iqonic Wpbookit

A vulnerability has been found in D-Link DIR-816L up to 2.06B01 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function lxmldbc_system of the file /htdocs/cgibin of the component Environment Variable Handler. The manipulation leads to command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.

Code execution Network gear Dlink dir-816l Firmware

In Wing FTP Server through 7.4.4, the administrative web interface (listening by default on port 5466) runs as root or SYSTEM by default. The web application itself offers several legitimate ways to execute arbitrary system commands (i.e., through the web console or the task scheduler), and they are automatically executed in the highest possible privilege context. Because administrative users of the web interface are not necessarily also system administrators, one might argue that this is a privilege escalation. (If a privileged application role is not available to an attacker, CVE-2025-47812 can be leveraged.) NOTE: the vendor reportedly considers this behavior "fine to keep."

Code execution Web app Wftpserver Wing Ftp Server

A memory corruption vulnerability due to improper input validation in lvpict.cpp exists in NI LabVIEW that may result in arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted VI. This vulnerability affects NI LabVIEW 2025 Q1 and prior versions.

Code execution Ni Labview

The Drag and Drop Multiple File Upload for Contact Form 7 plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file uploads due to insufficient file type validation in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.8.9. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to bypass the plugin's blacklist and upload .phar or other dangerous file types on the affected site's server, which may make remote code execution possible on the servers that are configured to handle .phar files as executable PHP scripts, particularly in default Apache+mod_php configurations where the file extension is not strictly validated before being passed to the PHP interpreter.

Code execution Web app Codedropz Drag And Drop Multiple File Upload - Contact Form 7

A remote code execution vulnerability exists in invoke-ai/invokeai versions 5.3.1 through 5.4.2 via the /api/v2/models/install API. The vulnerability arises from unsafe deserialization of model files using torch.load without proper validation. Attackers can exploit this by embedding malicious code in model files, which is executed upon loading. This issue is fixed in version 5.4.3.

Code execution

A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in D-Link DIR-605L 2.13B01. Affected is the function wake_on_lan. The manipulation of the argument mac leads to command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.

Code execution Network gear Dlink dir-605l Firmware

A weakness has been identified in Wavlink NU516U1. Affected by this vulnerability is the function sub_401B30 of the file /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi. This manipulation of the argument remoteManagementEnabled causes command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Code execution Network gear Wavlink wl-nu516u1 Firmware

A security flaw has been discovered in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. Affected is the function sub_4016F0 of the file /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi. The manipulation of the argument del_flag results in command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Code execution Network gear Wavlink wl-nu516u1 Firmware

A vulnerability was found in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. The impacted element is the function sub_402D1C of the file /cgi-bin/wireless.cgi of the component DeleteMac Page. Performing manipulation of the argument delete_list results in command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Code execution Web app Wavlink wl-nu516u1 Firmware

A flaw has been found in Wavlink NU516U1 M16U1_V240425. Impacted is the function sub_403010 of the file /cgi-bin/wireless.cgi of the component AddMac Page. This manipulation of the argument macAddr causes command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Code execution Device Wavlink wl-nu516u1 Firmware

A deserialization of untrusted data vulnerability exists in NI G Web Development Software that may result in arbitrary code execution.  Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted project file.  This vulnerability affects G Web Development Software 2022 Q3 and prior versions.

Code execution Web app