CVE-2026-77415

What it is

JSONata is a JSON query and transformation language. Prior to 1.8.8 and 2.2.1, crafted JSONata expressions could chain several object-integrity weaknesses to execute arbitrary code. The chain could overwrite $clone to mutate objects through evaluateTransformExpression, expose and deconstruct JSONata functions or lambdas through $merge.*, replace proc.arguments.forEach used by applyProcedure, and forge internal lambda state. These primitives allowed an attacker to reach prototype getters, prototype and constructor access, and process.getBuiltinModule with child_process, executing code with the privileges of the host process. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.8 and 2.2.1.

At a glance

Exploitability

Can be exploited over the network without logging in. High risk of data exposure, data tampering, service disruption.

Exploit odds

0.9% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).

Fix

A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.

Timeline

1. 2026-08-21 21:17 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2. 2026-10-12 16:10 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Details

Published

2026-08-21 21:17 UTC

Last modified

2026-10-12 16:10 UTC

Exploit probability

0.9% · EPSS, next 30 days

Weakness

CWE-94 · Code injection

Record status

Deferred

Attack profile CVSS 4.0 · 9.3

Attack vector

Network

Complexity

Low

Attack requirements

None

Privileges needed

None

User interaction

None

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High