CVE-2026-63435

5.3 MEDIUM 0.4% exploit odds Fix listed Other Library

What it is

Mail is an internet library for Ruby designed to handle email generation, parsing, and sending. Prior to 2.9.1, Mail::Utilities.q_value_decode and Mail::Utilities.b_value_decode used a single String#match and an overly greedy charset capture to decode only the first RFC 2047 encoded-word and mishandle surrounding or subsequent text. A crafted malformed encoded-word in an address display name or local part could cross ? delimiters and make decoded From, To, or Reply-To header values differ from the raw values inspected by a human reviewer or downstream parser, enabling apparent sender or recipient spoofing, phishing, or authorization-check bypass. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.1.

At a glance

Exploitability: Can be exploited over the network without logging in. Limited direct impact.
Exploit odds: 0.4% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Fix: A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.

Timeline

2026-09-01 21:18 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2026-09-09 21:09 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Why it ranks here

Exploited in the wild: no, CISA does not list it.
Exploit odds: 0.4% in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Severity: 5.3 MEDIUM (CVSS).
Fix: a patch or advisory is linked.

Details

Published: 2026-09-01 21:18 UTC
Last modified: 2026-09-09 21:09 UTC
Exploit probability: 0.4% · EPSS, next 30 days
Weakness: CWE-436
Record status: Deferred

Attack profile CVSS 3.1 · 5.3

Attack vector: Network
Complexity: Low
Privileges needed: None
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: None
Integrity: Low
Availability: None

Raw vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

Is it in your code?

Hand this to your coding agent. It searches your project for the affected products and checks versions. Nothing leaves your machine.

Read https://cve-list.com/agent/cve/CVE-2026-63435.md and follow it. Check whether this project is affected by CVE-2026-63435. Read only. Don't change anything and don't upload my code. Tell me yes, no or not sure, with the file as proof.

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Fix and advisories

References

NVD record · CVE.org record