CVE-2026-45562

What it is

FreePBX is an open source IP PBX. Prior to versions 16.0.4 and 17.0.6, the FreePBX Music on Hold (MoH) module contains a critical security flaw that allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary system commands with the privileges of the Asterisk service. Authentication with an existing FreePBX administrator account is required. The root cause lies in the fact that the module accepts a POST parameter that defines a custom Asterisk application, which is then stored in the database without any sanitization. Later, this data is written directly to the musiconhold_additional.conf configuration file without validation. Since Asterisk reads this configuration file and executes the specified application, an attacker can inject arbitrary commands that will be executed with Asterisk's permissions. This issue has been patched in versions 16.0.4 and 17.0.6.

At a glance

Exploitability

Can be exploited over the network with a low-privilege account. High risk of data exposure, data tampering, service disruption.

Exploit odds

0.4% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).

Fix

A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.

Timeline

1. 2026-09-28 18:17 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2. 2026-10-16 18:22 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Details

Published

2026-09-28 18:17 UTC

Last modified

2026-10-16 18:22 UTC

Exploit probability

0.4% · EPSS, next 30 days

Weakness

CWE-78 · OS command injection

Record status

Analyzed

Affected

• Sangoma Freepbx < 16.0.4
• Sangoma Freepbx < 17.0.6

Attack profile CVSS 4.0 · 7.7

Attack vector

Network

Complexity

Low

Attack requirements

Present

Privileges needed

Low

User interaction

None

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High