CVE-2026-33170

What it is

Active Support is a toolkit of support libraries and Ruby core extensions extracted from the Rails framework. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, `SafeBuffer#%` does not propagate the `@html_unsafe` flag to the newly created buffer. If a `SafeBuffer` is mutated in place (e.g. via `gsub!`) and then formatted with `%` using untrusted arguments, the result incorrectly reports `html_safe? == true`, bypassing ERB auto-escaping and possibly leading to XSS. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.

At a glance

Exploitability

Can be exploited over the network without logging in, but needs a user to act. Limited direct impact.

Exploit odds

0.3% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).

Fix

A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.

Timeline

1. 2026-03-24 00:16 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2. 2026-06-17 10:37 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Why it ranks here

• Exploited in the wild: no, CISA does not list it.
• Exploit odds: 0.3% in the next 30 days (EPSS).
• Severity: 5.3 MEDIUM (CVSS).
• Fix: a patch or advisory is linked.

Details

Published

2026-03-24 00:16 UTC

Last modified

2026-06-17 10:37 UTC

Exploit probability

0.3% · EPSS, next 30 days

Weakness

CWE-79 · Cross-site scripting

Record status

Analyzed

Affected

• Rubyonrails Rails < 7.2.3.1
• Rubyonrails Rails < 8.0.4.1
• Rubyonrails Rails < 8.1.2.1

Attack profile CVSS 4.0 · 5.3

Attack vector

Network

Complexity

Low

Attack requirements

None

Privileges needed

None

User interaction

Passive

Confidentiality

None

Integrity

Low

Availability

None

Is it in your code?

Hand this to your coding agent. It searches your project for the affected products and checks versions. Nothing leaves your machine.

Read https://cve-list.com/agent/cve/CVE-2026-33170.md and follow it. Check whether this project is affected by CVE-2026-33170. Read only. Don't change anything and don't upload my code. Tell me yes, no or not sure, with the file as proof.

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