CVE-2026-31413

7.8 HIGH 0.2% exploit odds Fix listed Memory safety OS & kernel

What it is

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix unsound scalar forking in maybe_fork_scalars() for BPF_OR maybe_fork_scalars() is called for both BPF_AND and BPF_OR when the source operand is a constant. When dst has signed range [-1, 0], it forks the verifier state: the pushed path gets dst = 0, the current path gets dst = -1. For BPF_AND this is correct: 0 & K == 0. For BPF_OR this is wrong: 0 | K == K, not 0. The pushed path therefore tracks dst as 0 when the runtime value is K, producing an exploitable verifier/runtime divergence that allows out-of-bounds map access. Fix this by passing env->insn_idx (instead of env->insn_idx + 1) to push_stack(), so the pushed path re-executes the ALU instruction with dst = 0 and naturally computes the correct result for any opcode.

At a glance

Exploitability: Can be exploited locally on the machine with a low-privilege account. High risk of data exposure, data tampering, service disruption.
Exploit odds: 0.2% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Fix: A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.

Timeline

2026-04-12 06:16 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2026-06-17 10:33 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Why it ranks here

Exploited in the wild: no, CISA does not list it.
Exploit odds: 0.2% in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Severity: 7.8 HIGH (CVSS).
Fix: a patch or advisory is linked.

Details

Published: 2026-04-12 06:16 UTC
Last modified: 2026-06-17 10:33 UTC
Exploit probability: 0.2% · EPSS, next 30 days
Weakness: CWE-125 · Out-of-bounds read
Record status: Analyzed

Affected

Linux Kernel < 6.12.80
Linux Kernel < 6.18.21
Linux Kernel < 6.19.11

Attack profile CVSS 3.1 · 7.8

Attack vector: Local
Complexity: Low
Privileges needed: Low
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: High
Integrity: High
Availability: High

Raw vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Is it in your code?

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Read https://cve-list.com/agent/cve/CVE-2026-31413.md and follow it. Check whether this project is affected by CVE-2026-31413. Read only. Don't change anything and don't upload my code. Tell me yes, no or not sure, with the file as proof.

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Fix and advisories

References

NVD record · CVE.org record