CVE-2025-59936

9.4 CRITICAL 0.4% exploit odds Fix listed Other

What it is

get-jwks contains fetch utils for JWKS keys. In versions prior to 11.0.2, a vulnerability in get-jwks can lead to cache poisoning in the JWKS key-fetching mechanism. When the iss (issuer) claim is validated only after keys are retrieved from the cache, it is possible for cached keys from an unexpected issuer to be reused, resulting in a bypass of issuer validation. This design flaw enables a potential attack where a malicious actor crafts a pair of JWTs, the first one ensuring that a chosen public key is fetched and stored in the shared JWKS cache, and the second one leveraging that cached key to pass signature validation for a targeted iss value. The vulnerability will work only if the iss validation is done after the use of get-jwks for keys retrieval. This issue has been patched in version 11.0.2.

At a glance

Exploitability: Can be exploited over the network without logging in. High risk of data exposure, data tampering.
Exploit odds: 0.4% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Fix: A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.

Timeline

2025-09-27 01:15 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2026-10-09 10:10 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Why it ranks here

Exploited in the wild: no, CISA does not list it.
Exploit odds: 0.4% in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Severity: 9.4 CRITICAL (CVSS).
Fix: a patch or advisory is linked.

Details

Published: 2025-09-27 01:15 UTC
Last modified: 2026-10-09 10:10 UTC
Exploit probability: 0.4% · EPSS, next 30 days
Weakness: CWE-116
Record status: Deferred

Attack profile CVSS 3.0 · 9.4

Attack vector: Network
Complexity: Low
Privileges needed: None
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: High
Integrity: High
Availability: Low

Raw vector

CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L

Is it in your code?

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Fix and advisories

References

NVD record · CVE.org record