CVE-2025-54997

9.1 CRITICAL 0.4% exploit odds Fix listed Injection

What it is

OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, some OpenBao deployments intentionally limit privileged API operators from executing system code or making network connections. However, these operators can bypass both restrictions through the audit subsystem by manipulating log prefixes. This allows unauthorized code execution and network access that violates the intended security model. This issue is fixed in version 2.3.2. To workaround, users can block access to sys/audit/* endpoints using explicit deny policies, but root operators cannot be restricted this way.

At a glance

Exploitability: Can be exploited over the network with an admin-level account. High risk of data exposure, data tampering, service disruption.
Exploit odds: 0.4% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Fix: A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.

Timeline

2025-08-09 03:15 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2026-06-17 09:41 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Why it ranks here

Exploited in the wild: no, CISA does not list it.
Exploit odds: 0.4% in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Severity: 9.1 CRITICAL (CVSS).
Fix: a patch or advisory is linked.

Details

Published: 2025-08-09 03:15 UTC
Last modified: 2026-06-17 09:41 UTC
Exploit probability: 0.4% · EPSS, next 30 days
Weakness: CWE-94 · Code injection
Record status: Analyzed

Affected

Openbao < 2.3.2

Attack profile CVSS 3.1 · 9.1

Attack vector: Network
Complexity: Low
Privileges needed: High
User interaction: None
Scope: Changed
Confidentiality: High
Integrity: High
Availability: High

Raw vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Is it in your code?

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Read https://cve-list.com/agent/cve/CVE-2025-54997.md and follow it. Check whether this project is affected by CVE-2025-54997. Read only. Don't change anything and don't upload my code. Tell me yes, no or not sure, with the file as proof.

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Fix and advisories

References

NVD record · CVE.org record