CVE-2025-54782
What it is
Nest is a framework for building scalable Node.js server-side applications. In versions 0.2.0 and below, a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was discovered in the @nestjs/devtools-integration package. When enabled, the package exposes a local development HTTP server with an API endpoint that uses an unsafe JavaScript sandbox (safe-eval-like implementation). Due to improper sandboxing and missing cross-origin protections, any malicious website visited by a developer can execute arbitrary code on their local machine. The package adds HTTP endpoints to a locally running NestJS development server. One of these endpoints, /inspector/graph/interact, accepts JSON input containing a code field and executes the provided code in a Node.js vm.runInNewContext sandbox. This is fixed in version 0.2.1.
At a glance
- Exploitability
- Can be exploited from the same network segment without logging in. High risk of data exposure, data tampering, service disruption.
- Exploit odds
- 47.2% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS). Higher than most.
- Fix
- A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.
Timeline
- ReservedThe CVE id was reserved by its CNA
- PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
- Last updatedMost recent change to the record
Why it ranks here
- Exploited in the wild: no, CISA does not list it.
- Exploit odds: 47.2% in the next 30 days (EPSS).
- Severity: 9.4 CRITICAL (CVSS).
- Fix: a patch or advisory is linked.
- It meets the bar for Drop everything: critical, and exploited or very likely to be.
Details
- Published
- Last modified
- Exploit probability
- 47.2% · EPSS, next 30 days
- Weakness
- CWE-77 · Command injection
- Record status
- Analyzed
Affected
- Nestjs devtools-integration < 0.2.1
Attack profile CVSS 4.0 · 9.4
- Attack vector
- Adjacent network
- Complexity
- Low
- Attack requirements
- None
- Privileges needed
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- High
Raw vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Is it in your code?
Hand this to your coding agent. It searches your project for the affected products and checks versions. Nothing leaves your machine.
Read https://cve-list.com/agent/cve/CVE-2025-54782.md and follow it. Check whether this project is affected by CVE-2025-54782. Read only. Don't change anything and don't upload my code. Tell me yes, no or not sure, with the file as proof.
Fix and advisories
- https://github.com/nestjs/nest/security/advisories/GHSA-85cg-cmq5-qjm7
- https://github.com/nestjs/nest/security/advisories/GHSA-85cg-cmq5-qjm7
References
- https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-devtools-integration-rce-poc
- https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/nestjs-typescript-starter-w-devtools-integration
- https://github.com/nestjs/nest/security/advisories/GHSA-85cg-cmq5-qjm7
- https://nodejs.org/api/vm.html
- https://socket.dev/blog/nestjs-rce-vuln
- https://github.com/nestjs/nest/security/advisories/GHSA-85cg-cmq5-qjm7