CVE-2025-24959

1.0 LOW 0.2% exploit odds Fix listed Injection

What it is

zx is a tool for writing better scripts. An attacker with control over environment variable values can inject unintended environment variables into `process.env`. This can lead to arbitrary command execution or unexpected behavior in applications that rely on environment variables for security-sensitive operations. Applications that process untrusted input and pass it through `dotenv.stringify` are particularly vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 8.3.2. Users should immediately upgrade to this version to mitigate the vulnerability. If upgrading is not feasible, users can mitigate the vulnerability by sanitizing user-controlled environment variable values before passing them to `dotenv.stringify`. Specifically, avoid using `"`, `'`, and backticks in values, or enforce strict validation of environment variables before usage.

At a glance

Exploitability: Can be exploited locally on the machine with a low-privilege account, but needs a user to act. Limited direct impact.
Exploit odds: 0.2% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Fix: A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.

Timeline

2025-02-03 21:15 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2026-06-17 08:59 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Why it ranks here

Exploited in the wild: no, CISA does not list it.
Exploit odds: 0.2% in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Severity: 1.0 LOW (CVSS).
Fix: a patch or advisory is linked.

Details

Published: 2025-02-03 21:15 UTC
Last modified: 2026-06-17 08:59 UTC
Exploit probability: 0.2% · EPSS, next 30 days
Weakness: CWE-94 · Code injection
Record status: Deferred

Attack profile CVSS 4.0 · 1.0

Attack vector: Local
Complexity: Low
Attack requirements: Present
Privileges needed: Low
User interaction: Active
Confidentiality: Low
Integrity: Low
Availability: Low

Raw vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Is it in your code?

Hand this to your coding agent. It searches your project for the affected products and checks versions. Nothing leaves your machine.

Read https://cve-list.com/agent/cve/CVE-2025-24959.md and follow it. Check whether this project is affected by CVE-2025-24959. Read only. Don't change anything and don't upload my code. Tell me yes, no or not sure, with the file as proof.

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Fix and advisories

References

NVD record · CVE.org record