CVE-2025-22149

2.1 LOW 0.6% exploit odds Fix listed Other

What it is

JWK Set (JSON Web Key Set) is a JWK and JWK Set Go implementation. Prior to 0.6.0, the project's provided HTTP client's local JWK Set cache should do a full replacement when the goroutine refreshes the remote JWK Set. The current behavior is to overwrite or append. This is a security issue for use cases that utilize the provided auto-caching HTTP client and where key removal from a JWK Set is equivalent to revocation. The affected auto-caching HTTP client was added in version v0.5.0 and fixed in v0.6.0. The only workaround would be to remove the provided auto-caching HTTP client and replace it with a custom implementation. This involves setting the HTTPClientStorageOptions.RefreshInterval to zero (or not specifying the value).

At a glance

Exploitability: Can be exploited over the network with an admin-level account. Limited direct impact.
Exploit odds: 0.6% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Fix: A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.

Timeline

2025-01-09 18:15 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2026-06-17 08:45 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Why it ranks here

Exploited in the wild: no, CISA does not list it.
Exploit odds: 0.6% in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Severity: 2.1 LOW (CVSS).
Fix: a patch or advisory is linked.

Details

Published: 2025-01-09 18:15 UTC
Last modified: 2026-06-17 08:45 UTC
Exploit probability: 0.6% · EPSS, next 30 days
Weakness: CWE-672
Record status: Deferred

Attack profile CVSS 4.0 · 2.1

Attack vector: Network
Complexity: High
Attack requirements: Present
Privileges needed: High
User interaction: None
Confidentiality: None
Integrity: None
Availability: None

Raw vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Is it in your code?

Hand this to your coding agent. It searches your project for the affected products and checks versions. Nothing leaves your machine.

Read https://cve-list.com/agent/cve/CVE-2025-22149.md and follow it. Check whether this project is affected by CVE-2025-22149. Read only. Don't change anything and don't upload my code. Tell me yes, no or not sure, with the file as proof.

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Fix and advisories

References

NVD record · CVE.org record