CVE-2025-21724

7.8 HIGH 0.2% exploit odds Fix listed Memory safety OS & kernel

What it is

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommufd/iova_bitmap: Fix shift-out-of-bounds in iova_bitmap_offset_to_index() Resolve a UBSAN shift-out-of-bounds issue in iova_bitmap_offset_to_index() where shifting the constant "1" (of type int) by bitmap->mapped.pgshift (an unsigned long value) could result in undefined behavior. The constant "1" defaults to a 32-bit "int", and when "pgshift" exceeds 31 (e.g., pgshift = 63) the shift operation overflows, as the result cannot be represented in a 32-bit type. To resolve this, the constant is updated to "1UL", promoting it to an unsigned long type to match the operand's type.

At a glance

Exploitability: Can be exploited locally on the machine with a low-privilege account. High risk of data exposure, data tampering, service disruption.
Exploit odds: 0.2% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Fix: A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.

Timeline

2025-02-27 02:15 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2026-11-05 21:17 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Why it ranks here

Exploited in the wild: no, CISA does not list it.
Exploit odds: 0.2% in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Severity: 7.8 HIGH (CVSS).
Fix: a patch or advisory is linked.

Details

Published: 2025-02-27 02:15 UTC
Last modified: 2026-11-05 21:17 UTC
Exploit probability: 0.2% · EPSS, next 30 days
Weakness: CWE-787 · Out-of-bounds write
Record status: Modified

Affected

Linux Kernel < 6.1.129
Linux Kernel < 6.6.76
Linux Kernel < 6.12.13
Linux Kernel < 6.13.2

Attack profile CVSS 3.1 · 7.8

Attack vector: Local
Complexity: Low
Privileges needed: Low
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: High
Integrity: High
Availability: High

Raw vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Is it in your code?

Hand this to your coding agent. It searches your project for the affected products and checks versions. Nothing leaves your machine.

Read https://cve-list.com/agent/cve/CVE-2025-21724.md and follow it. Check whether this project is affected by CVE-2025-21724. Read only. Don't change anything and don't upload my code. Tell me yes, no or not sure, with the file as proof.

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Fix and advisories

References

NVD record · CVE.org record