CVE-2025-21607

2.3 LOW 0.7% exploit odds Fix listed Other

What it is

Vyper is a Pythonic Smart Contract Language for the EVM. When the Vyper Compiler uses the precompiles EcRecover (0x1) and Identity (0x4), the success flag of the call is not checked. As a consequence an attacker can provide a specific amount of gas to make these calls fail but let the overall execution continue. Then the execution result can be incorrect. Based on EVM's rules, after the failed precompile the remaining code has only 1/64 of the pre-call-gas left (as 63/64 were forwarded and spent). Hence, only fairly simple executions can follow the failed precompile calls. Therefore, we found no significantly impacted real-world contracts. None the less an advisory has been made out of an abundance of caution. This issue is fixed in 0.4.1.

At a glance

Exploitability: Can be exploited over the network with a low-privilege account. Limited direct impact.
Exploit odds: 0.7% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Fix: A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.

Timeline

2025-01-14 18:16 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2026-06-17 08:43 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Why it ranks here

Exploited in the wild: no, CISA does not list it.
Exploit odds: 0.7% in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Severity: 2.3 LOW (CVSS).
Fix: a patch or advisory is linked.

Details

Published: 2025-01-14 18:16 UTC
Last modified: 2026-06-17 08:43 UTC
Exploit probability: 0.7% · EPSS, next 30 days
Weakness: CWE-670
Record status: Modified

Affected

Vyperlang Vyper < 0.4.1

Attack profile CVSS 4.0 · 2.3

Attack vector: Network
Complexity: High
Attack requirements: Present
Privileges needed: Low
User interaction: None
Confidentiality: None
Integrity: Low
Availability: None

Raw vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Is it in your code?

Hand this to your coding agent. It searches your project for the affected products and checks versions. Nothing leaves your machine.

Read https://cve-list.com/agent/cve/CVE-2025-21607.md and follow it. Check whether this project is affected by CVE-2025-21607. Read only. Don't change anything and don't upload my code. Tell me yes, no or not sure, with the file as proof.

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Fix and advisories

References

NVD record · CVE.org record