CVE-2024-28855

8.1 HIGH 0.8% exploit odds Fix listed

What it is

ZITADEL, open source authentication management software, uses Go templates to render the login UI. Due to a improper use of the `text/template` instead of the `html/template` package, the Login UI did not sanitize input parameters prior to versions 2.47.3, 2.46.1, 2.45.1, 2.44.3, 2.43.9, 2.42.15, and 2.41.15. An attacker could create a malicious link, where he injected code which would be rendered as part of the login screen. While it was possible to inject HTML including JavaScript, the execution of such scripts would be prevented by the Content Security Policy. Versions 2.47.3, 2.46.1, 2.45.1, 2.44.3, 2.43.9, 2.42.15, and 2.41.15 contain a patch for this issue. No known workarounds are available.

At a glance

Exploitability: Can be exploited over the network without logging in, but needs a user to act. High risk of data exposure, data tampering.
Exploit odds: 0.8% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Fix: A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.

Timeline

2024-03-18 22:15 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2026-06-17 07:21 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Why it ranks here

Exploited in the wild: no, CISA does not list it.
Exploit odds: 0.8% in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Severity: 8.1 HIGH (CVSS).
Fix: a patch or advisory is linked.

Details

Published: 2024-03-18 22:15 UTC
Last modified: 2026-06-17 07:21 UTC
Exploit probability: 0.8% · EPSS, next 30 days
Weakness: CWE-20 · Improper input validation
Record status: Analyzed

Affected

Zitadel < 2.41.15
Zitadel < 2.42.15
Zitadel < 2.43.9
Zitadel < 2.44.3
Zitadel < 2.47.4
Zitadel 2.45.0
Zitadel 2.46.0

Attack profile CVSS 3.1 · 8.1

Attack vector: Network
Complexity: Low
Privileges needed: None
User interaction: Required
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: High
Integrity: High
Availability: None

Raw vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Is it in your code?

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Fix and advisories

References

NVD record · CVE.org record