CVE-2024-28197

What it is

Zitadel is an open source identity management system. Zitadel uses a cookie to identify the user agent (browser) and its user sessions. Although the cookie was handled according to best practices, it was accessible on subdomains of the ZITADEL instance. An attacker could take advantage of this and provide a malicious link hosted on the subdomain to the user to gain access to the victim’s account in certain scenarios. A possible victim would need to login through the malicious link for this exploit to work. If the possible victim already had the cookie present, the attack would not succeed. The attack would further only be possible if there was an initial vulnerability on the subdomain. This could either be the attacker being able to control DNS or a XSS vulnerability in an application hosted on a subdomain. Versions 2.46.0, 2.45.1, and 2.44.3 have been patched. Zitadel recommends upgrading to the latest versions available in due course. Note that applying the patch will invalidate the current cookie and thus users will need to start a new session and existing sessions (user selection) will be empty. For self-hosted environments unable to upgrade to a patched version, prevent setting the following cookie name on subdomains of your Zitadel instance (e.g. within your WAF): `__Secure-zitadel-useragent`.

At a glance

Exploitability

Can be exploited from the same network segment without logging in, but needs a user to act. High risk of data exposure, data tampering.

Exploit odds

0.3% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).

Fix

A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.

Timeline

1. 2024-03-11 20:15 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2. 2026-06-17 07:21 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Why it ranks here

• Exploited in the wild: no, CISA does not list it.
• Exploit odds: 0.3% in the next 30 days (EPSS).
• Severity: 7.5 HIGH (CVSS).
• Fix: a patch or advisory is linked.

Details

Published

2024-03-11 20:15 UTC

Last modified

2026-06-17 07:21 UTC

Exploit probability

0.3% · EPSS, next 30 days

Weakness

CWE-269 · Improper privilege management

Record status

Analyzed

Affected

• Zitadel < 2.44.3
• Zitadel 2.45.0
• Zitadel 2.46.0

Attack profile CVSS 3.1 · 7.5

Attack vector

Adjacent network

Complexity

High

Privileges needed

None

User interaction

Required

Scope

Changed

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

None

Is it in your code?

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