CVE-2023-53501

4.7 MEDIUM 0.1% exploit odds Fix listed Other OS & kernel

What it is

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/amd/iommu_v2: Fix pasid_state refcount dec hit 0 warning on pasid unbind When unbinding pasid - a race condition exists vs outstanding page faults. To prevent this, the pasid_state object contains a refcount. * set to 1 on pasid bind * incremented on each ppr notification start * decremented on each ppr notification done * decremented on pasid unbind Since refcount_dec assumes that refcount will never reach 0: the current implementation causes the following to be invoked on pasid unbind: REFCOUNT_WARN("decrement hit 0; leaking memory") Fix this issue by changing refcount_dec to refcount_dec_and_test to explicitly handle refcount=1.

At a glance

Exploitability: Can be exploited locally on the machine with a low-privilege account. High risk of service disruption.
Exploit odds: 0.1% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Fix: A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.

Timeline

2025-10-01 12:15 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2026-06-17 06:45 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Why it ranks here

Exploited in the wild: no, CISA does not list it.
Exploit odds: 0.1% in the next 30 days (EPSS).
Severity: 4.7 MEDIUM (CVSS).
Fix: a patch or advisory is linked.

Details

Published: 2025-10-01 12:15 UTC
Last modified: 2026-06-17 06:45 UTC
Exploit probability: 0.1% · EPSS, next 30 days
Record status: Analyzed

Affected

Linux Kernel < 5.15.132
Linux Kernel < 6.1.53
Linux Kernel < 6.4.16
Linux Kernel < 6.5.3

Attack profile CVSS 3.1 · 4.7

Attack vector: Local
Complexity: High
Privileges needed: Low
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: None
Integrity: None
Availability: High

Raw vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Is it in your code?

Hand this to your coding agent. It searches your project for the affected products and checks versions. Nothing leaves your machine.

Read https://cve-list.com/agent/cve/CVE-2023-53501.md and follow it. Check whether this project is affected by CVE-2023-53501. Read only. Don't change anything and don't upload my code. Tell me yes, no or not sure, with the file as proof.

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Fix and advisories

References

NVD record · CVE.org record