CVE-2021-27291

What it is

In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.

At a glance

Exploitability

Can be exploited over the network without logging in. High risk of service disruption.

Exploit odds

3.9% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).

Fix

A patch, advisory or fixed version is referenced. Upgrade or apply it.

Timeline

1. 2021-03-17 13:15 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2. 2026-06-17 03:44 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Why it ranks here

• Exploited in the wild: no, CISA does not list it.
• Exploit odds: 3.9% in the next 30 days (EPSS).
• Severity: 7.5 HIGH (CVSS).
• Fix: a patch or advisory is linked.

Details

Published

2021-03-17 13:15 UTC

Last modified

2026-06-17 03:44 UTC

Exploit probability

3.9% · EPSS, next 30 days

Weakness

CWE-1333

Record status

Modified

Affected

• Pygments < 2.7.4
• Debian Linux 9.0
• Debian Linux 10.0
• Fedoraproject Fedora 32
• Fedoraproject Fedora 33

Attack profile CVSS 3.1 · 7.5

Attack vector

Network

Complexity

Low

Privileges needed

None

User interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

None

Integrity

None

Availability

High

Is it in your code?

Hand this to your coding agent. It searches your project for the affected products and checks versions. Nothing leaves your machine.

Read https://cve-list.com/agent/cve/CVE-2021-27291.md and follow it. Check whether this project is affected by CVE-2021-27291. Read only. Don't change anything and don't upload my code. Tell me yes, no or not sure, with the file as proof.

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