CVE-2015-7225

What it is

Tinfoil Devise-two-factor before 2.0.0 does not strictly follow section 5.2 of RFC 6238 and does not "burn" a successfully validated one-time password (aka OTP), which allows remote or physically proximate attackers with a target user's login credentials to log in as said user by obtaining the OTP through performing a man-in-the-middle attack between the provider and verifier, or shoulder surfing, and replaying the OTP in the current time-step.

At a glance

Exploitability

Can be exploited over the network with a low-privilege account. High risk of data exposure.

Exploit odds

2.1% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (EPSS).

Fix

No patch or advisory is linked yet. Look at mitigations or restrict exposure.

Timeline

1. 2017-09-06 21:29 UTC PublishedDisclosed publicly on CVE.org and NVD
2. 2026-06-17 00:32 UTC Last updatedMost recent change to the record

Why it ranks here

• Exploited in the wild: no, CISA does not list it.
• Exploit odds: 2.1% in the next 30 days (EPSS).
• Severity: 5.3 MEDIUM (CVSS).
• Fix: none linked yet, which raises it.

Details

Published

2017-09-06 21:29 UTC

Last modified

2026-06-17 00:32 UTC

Exploit probability

2.1% · EPSS, next 30 days

Weakness

CWE-254

Record status

Modified

Affected

• Tinfoilsecurity devise-two-factor ≤ 1.1.0

Attack profile CVSS 3.0 · 5.3

Attack vector

Network

Complexity

High

Privileges needed

Low

User interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

None

Availability

None

Is it in your code?

Hand this to your coding agent. It searches your project for the affected products and checks versions. Nothing leaves your machine.

Read https://cve-list.com/agent/cve/CVE-2015-7225.md and follow it. Check whether this project is affected by CVE-2015-7225. Read only. Don't change anything and don't upload my code. Tell me yes, no or not sure, with the file as proof.

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