Library CVEs.

CAI Content Credentials is affected by an Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability that could lead to application denial-of-service. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to exhaust system resources, resulting in an application denial-of-service condition. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must visit a maliciously crafted URL or interact with a compromised web page.

Denial of service Library

A flaw was found in GStreamer's gst-plugins-bad package. A use of uninitialized memory vulnerability exists in the H.265 (HEVC) bitstream parser when processing Video Parameter Sets that declare more than one HRD (Hypothetical Reference Decoder) parameter set. A remote attacker could exploit this by providing a crafted H.265 media file or stream that, when processed by an application using GStreamer, causes unpredictable parser behavior and may crash the application. This can lead to a denial of service for any application using GStreamer to play back H.265 content.

Denial of service Library

JSON-java is a reference implementation of a JSON package in Java. From version 20150729 through 20260522, JSONTokener.nextSimpleValue can accumulate unbounded numeric tokens before JSONObject.stringToNumber passes them to BigInteger or BigDecimal conversion without a length limit. An application that parses attacker-controlled JSON or XML through JSONObject, JSONArray, or XML.toJSONObject can spend super-linear CPU time converting a sufficiently long numeric literal, blocking request-handling threads and causing denial of service. Strict mode and keep-strings settings in JSONParserConfiguration do not prevent the affected conversion path. Version 20260719 limits numeric conversion length.

Denial of service Library

Urwid is a console user interface library for Python. Prior to 4.0.7, handle_short_request() in urwid/display/web.py performs unguarded character encoding on POST input and unguarded UTF-8 decoding on polling update socket output. A remote attacker who obtains a valid X-Urwid-ID session token can submit non-ASCII POST data that raises UnicodeEncodeError, while non-UTF-8 polling output raises UnicodeDecodeError, causing the CGI handler to return an error and terminate request processing. The POST exception path also leaves an opened file descriptor unclosed for the CGI process lifetime, so repeated requests can cause denial of service for the web display interface. This issue is fixed in version 4.0.7.

Denial of service Library

fast-xml-parser allows users to process XML from JS object without C/C++ based libraries or callbacks. Prior to 5.12.0, when the non-default stopNodes option is enabled, readStopNodeData() in OrderedObjParser.js calls readTagExp() for each less-than character in an unterminated stop-node body and repeatedly rescans the remaining input while looking for a closing greater-than character. An attacker who supplies XML containing many tag fragments without a later closing character can cause quadratic rescanning before parsing fails, blocking a Node.js event loop and causing CPU-exhaustion denial of service. This issue is fixed in version 5.12.0.

Denial of service Library

Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in Apache James Mime4J library prior version 0.8.15 allows Denial of Service upon parsing Mime messages. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 0.8.15 which fixes the issue by enforcing new limits and providing better defaults.

Denial of service Library

HTTP::Body versions before 1.24_02 for Perl parse the trailer in quadratic time. Everything after the last chunk in the same call to add() is parsed with HTTP::Headers, which takes time quadratic in the number of fields of one name. For example, it takes several seconds to parse 16 KiB of "a:" lines. A remote attackercan exhause the CPU with a single request. HTTP::Body version 1.25 limits the size and number of lines in the trailer.

Denial of service Library

The DNS wire-format message parser in hickory-proto (Hickory DNS) 0.18 before 0.26.2 preallocates record vectors sized by the untrusted ANCOUNT, NSCOUNT, and ARCOUNT header fields before reading record data. Remote attackers can send a UDP datagram, or a spoofed response to a client/resolver, with these counts set to 65535, forcing about 18MB of allocation per message.

Denial of service Library

OpenAM before 16.1.4 contains a denial of service vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to exhaust server resources by sending serialized Java data without size or structure limits. Attackers can send small crafted requests to remote SDK endpoints, classic login pages, or the administration console to block authentication, session validation and policy decisions.

Denial of service Library

Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling in Apache James Mime4J library prior version 0.8.15 allows Denial of Service upon parsing Mime messages. Users are recommended to upgrade to Apache James server 3.9.1 that relies on fixed MIME4J 0.8.15 which addresses the issue. See CVE-2026-85108 in Apache James MIME4J library.

Denial of service Library

A flaw was found in the SRT and WebVTT subtitle parser in GStreamer's gst-plugins-base. While sanitizing inline subtitle markup, the parser repeatedly searches the remaining text with unanchored regular expressions. A crafted subtitle cue with a long line of unmatched markup-like text can force quadratic CPU use and make a GStreamer-based application unresponsive.

Denial of service Library

The hickory-net crate in Hickory DNS 0.26.0 before 0.26.2 stops listening and returns an error when a client UDP connection receives a datagram that cannot be parsed as a DNS message. Remote attackers who guess the query's source port, without knowing the transaction ID, can spoof malformed responses to abort client queries, causing denial of service.

Denial of service Library

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to 2.2.25, 3.1.23, and 3.2.8, Rack::Multipart::Parser can retain parsed data in its internal StringScanner buffer when reads end inside or immediately after multipart headers. An unauthenticated attacker can align many small parts with rack.multipart.buffer_size boundaries so the buffer grows with the request despite per-field, header, and preamble limits, causing a worker to exhaust memory. The attack requires only a well-formed multipart body and affects applications that parse multipart requests. This issue is fixed in versions 2.2.25, 3.1.23, and 3.2.8.

Denial of service Library

plist.js (npm package 'plist') before 5.0.1 contains an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability in the binary property-list parser (parseBinary) that allows unauthenticated attackers to crash a Node.js process by exploiting unmemoized recursive resolution of shared object references for arrays and dictionaries. Attackers can craft a small binary plist (under 200 bytes) containing chained self-referencing object indices to trigger exponential (2^N) resolution calls and memory growth, causing an unrecoverable out-of-memory crash and denial of service.

Denial of service Library

Hickory-dns from 0.20.1 before 0.26.2 contains a denial of service vulnerability in the hickory-proto SVCB and HTTPS record presentation format parser, which panics on malformed alpn values. Attackers can supply untrusted zone files with unbalanced quotes, consecutive commas, or invalid escapes in alpn parameters to crash parsing processes.

Denial of service Library

hickory-dns from 0.20.1 before 0.26.2 contains a denial of service vulnerability in the hickory-proto SVCB and HTTPS record presentation format parser. Attackers can supply untrusted zone files where only a single or double quote replaces a service parameter value, triggering a panic that crashes the parsing process.

Denial of service Library

The zone file parser in the hickory-proto crate of Hickory DNS 0.24.0 before 0.26.2 panics when a single token in a zone file is 4096 bytes or longer. Attackers who can supply untrusted zone files to an application using the parser can trigger the panic to cause a denial of service.

Denial of service Library

undici is an HTTP client for Node.js. In versions 7.0.0 through 7.30.1 and 8.0.0 through 8.12.3, when the cache interceptor is composed with a downstream handler that throws during response processing (such as the built-in dump interceptor exceeding its maxSize, or the decompress interceptor rejecting more than five Content-Encoding values), a throw raised asynchronously while a cached response is replayed escapes as an uncaught exception or unhandled promise rejection and terminates the Node.js process. A malicious or compromised HTTP server can crash any such client by serving a cacheable response that triggers the throw on replay, including on a 304 revalidation of a stale entry, so the impact is availability only. The issue is fixed in undici 7.30.2 and 8.12.4, and users should upgrade to one of those versions or later. As a workaround, avoid composing the cache interceptor with a response handler that throws during response processing until upgrading.

Denial of service Library

OpenAM before 16.1.4 and its client SDK fail to sufficiently validate responses on the internal server-to-server SOAP channel, allowing network-positioned attackers to affect integrity and availability. Attackers who intercept unencrypted traffic or control a site server can crash receiving processes, tamper with writable files, and possibly execute code.

Denial of service Library

Uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability in the Qt Framework HTTP response handling functionality of the Qt Network module.

Denial of service Library

Incorrect comparison in the Ext2 parser for the Intel(R) Slim Bootloader within Ring 0: Bare Metal OS may allow a denial of service. System software adversary with a privileged user combined with a low complexity attack may enable data corruption. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are present without special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (none), integrity (high) and availability (high) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts.

Denial of service Library

CAI Content Credentials is affected by an Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability that could lead to application denial-of-service. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability and exhaust system resources, reducing application speed. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.

Denial of service Library

For HTTP/1 servers, when MaxBytesReader's limit is exceeded, "Connection: close" header is automatically set without synchronization, which might race with another header being set explicitly in the server handler. As a result, an HTTP/1 server that utilizes MaxBytesReader or MaxBytesHandler can crash due to runtime panic if its handler reads the request body concurrently with writing the response header.

Denial of service Library

FFmpeg 8.1 through 9.0.2 contains a memory exhaustion vulnerability in the libavcodec/exif.c parser that allows attackers to amplify allocations by pointing many IFD entries at overlapping payloads. Attackers can embed a small crafted EXIF block in TIFF, JPEG, PNG or WebP images to trigger quadratic memory allocation, causing denial of service in decoding applications.

Denial of service Library

A flaw was found in GStreamer gst-plugins-good (avidemux). In the subindex parser, missing validation of the entry count can cause excessive memory allocation and denial of service. Because avidemux is auto-plugged by playbin, decodebin, and gst-discoverer, opening or previewing a crafted AVI is sufficient to trigger the issue. Fixed upstream in gst-plugins-good 1.28.6 (GStreamer-SA-2026-0072).

Denial of service Library

gix-commitgraph before 0.42.0, as used in gitoxide before 0.61.0, contains a denial of service vulnerability because its commit-graph parser does not validate parent graph positions against the declared commit count or check the EDGE chunk length for 4-byte alignment. Attackers can supply a repository containing a crafted .git/objects/info/commit-graph file to trigger panics that abort gix merge-base, gix blame, and applications embedding gix.

Denial of service Library

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 1.0 through 12.3.0, ImageFileDirectory_v2.load() in src/PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py retains a separate bytes object for each out-of-line IFD tag value without limiting the total data read or preventing distinct tags from referencing the same file region. A small crafted TIFF or EXIF-bearing JPEG, PNG, WebP, or MPO can therefore cause memory use quadratic in the input size. TIFF and some JPEG paths trigger parsing during Image.open(), while other formats are exposed when EXIF is requested, including through getexif() or ImageOps.exif_transpose(). The declared pixel dimensions do not bound this metadata allocation, so decompression-bomb checks do not prevent process memory exhaustion. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.

Denial of service Library

MessagePack for Ruby is an implementation of the MessagePack binary serialization format. Prior to 1.8.7, the Java-platform msgpack gem for JRuby allocated arrays and byte buffers directly from attacker-controlled array32, str32, and bin32 declared sizes before confirming that corresponding elements or bytes were available. A short MessagePack header could therefore trigger a very large allocation or sustained heap growth when an application decoded untrusted input through MessagePack.unpack or MessagePack::Unpacker, potentially exhausting the shared JVM heap. map32 and declared counts at or above 2^31 did not use the affected allocation behavior. This issue is fixed in version 1.8.7.

Denial of service Library

OpenTelemetry Python provides the Python API and SDK for OpenTelemetry. Prior to 1.45.2, TraceContextTextMapPropagator.extract() in opentelemetry-api can perform quadratic-time regular-expression backtracking on a malformed traceparent value containing a trace-context prefix, a long whitespace sequence, and an embedded newline. Exploitation requires an attacker-controlled carrier that preserves embedded newlines and permits a sufficiently large value, because conforming HTTP header values cannot contain embedded newlines. JSON-based carriers, including applicable MCP request metadata integrations, can preserve the required newline depending on the SDK, instrumentation, and message-size limits. Parsing on an asynchronous server's event-loop thread can consume excessive CPU and delay unrelated requests, while the advisory does not establish disclosure, modification, or code execution. This issue is fixed in version 1.45.2.

Denial of service Library

Addressable is an alternative implementation to the URI implementation that is part of Ruby's standard library. From 2.3.0 until 2.9.1, URI template expressions using the explode modifier with the slash, dot, semicolon, question-mark, or ampersand operators generate ambiguous regular expressions. When Template#match or Template#extract processes an attacker-controlled URI beginning with the operator's leading character, optional member separators allow catastrophic backtracking and denial of service on MRI Ruby before 3.2 and JRuby. Addressable 2.9.0 incompletely remediated the earlier template issue because its tests did not reach these operator-prefixed paths. URI parsing and Template#expand are unaffected. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.1.

Denial of service Library

Addressable is an alternative implementation to the URI implementation that is part of Ruby's standard library. Prior to 2.9.1, Addressable::URI.normalize_path repeatedly scans and rewrites paths while removing only one nested dot segment per pass, producing quadratic work. URI#normalize, URI#normalized_path, URI#join, URI#==, and URI#=== inherit the behavior, so processing a sufficiently long attacker-controlled URI can consume a worker thread and cause denial of service on every Ruby implementation. URI.parse alone and code that never normalizes, compares, or joins untrusted URIs are unaffected. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.1.

Denial of service Library

Addressable is an alternative implementation to the URI implementation that is part of Ruby's standard library. From 2.3.0 until 2.9.1, URI templates with several variables in one expression or several adjacent expressions generate ambiguous regular expressions. Affected forms include multi-variable expressions using operators other than plus and number sign, large plus or number-sign expressions, and adjacent single-variable expressions. Template#match or Template#extract can backtrack polynomially or exponentially on attacker-controlled URIs, causing denial of service on MRI Ruby before 3.2 and JRuby, with the large plus and number-sign form also affecting MRI Ruby 3.2 and TruffleRuby 40.0. URI parsing and Template#expand are unaffected. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.1.

Denial of service Library

Addressable is an alternative implementation to the URI implementation that is part of Ruby's standard library. From 2.3.0 until 2.9.1, URI template expressions containing several exploded variables generate ambiguous regular expressions that can divide a run of members among the variables in polynomially many ways. Template#match or Template#extract processing of an attacker-controlled URI can therefore consume a thread and cause denial of service. The flaw affects MRI Ruby before 3.2 and JRuby, TruffleRuby 40.0, and plus or number-sign expressions on MRI Ruby 3.2. MRI Ruby 3.3 and later, URI parsing, and Template#expand are unaffected. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.1.

Denial of service Library

Loofah is a general library for manipulating and transforming HTML/XML documents and fragments, built on top of Nokogiri. Prior to 2.25.3, the Loofah HTML5 sanitizer checks href and xlink:href on elements in SVG_ALLOW_LOCAL_HREF with a regular expression whose line anchor and newline-matching whitespace cause an all-whitespace value to be rescanned from every line start. An attacker can submit an SVG reference element with a long multiline-whitespace attribute and consume CPU quadratically during sanitization. CRuby 3.1 and earlier and JRuby are affected, while CRuby 3.2 and later uses linear-time regular-expression matching. The default safelist reaches the vulnerable check without a configuration change. This issue is fixed in version 2.25.3.

Denial of service Library

Soup Sieve is a CSS selector library designed to be used with Beautiful Soup 4. Prior to 2.10, matching a developer-authored selector that places the general sibling combinator inside :has() repeatedly scans each candidate element's following siblings when the right-hand side is absent, producing quadratic work on attacker-controlled HTML. Applications that evaluate a fixed selector such as div:has(a ~ b) over untrusted markup can have a worker occupied for minutes by a small document, while the adjacent sibling form and trusted-only document processing are not affected in the same way. This issue is fixed in version 2.10.

Denial of service Library

An uncontrolled recursion vulnerability has been discovered in the Qt QXmlSimpleReader XML parsing functionality of the Qt 5 Core Compatibility APIs module (Qt 6) and the Qt XML module (Qt 5).

Denial of service Library

PapaParse before 5.7.1 contains an inefficient algorithmic complexity vulnerability that allows remote unauthenticated attackers to cause denial of service by submitting delimiter-free quoted CSV input to Papa.parse(). Attackers can supply a single-column quoted CSV with no delimiters, triggering repeated full-buffer indexOf scans per row that grow quadratically with input size, exhausting CPU and blocking the Node.js event loop or freezing a browser tab.

Denial of service Library

Resource exhaustion vulnerability in the Qt Framework QWebSocket and QWebSocketServer classes of the Qt WebSockets module

Denial of service Library