Device CVEs.

sshd in OpenSSH before 10.6p2 on Linux, when musl libc is used without PAM, lacks a workaround for a password authentication bypass (related to misinterpretation of whether a string is intended to be a password hash). For some configurations of accounts, any password between 256 and 1024 characters succeeds. An example of a platform using musl libc without PAM is Alpine Linux.

exploited Auth & access Device Openbsd OpenSSH

OpenHuman is an open-source agent harness available as a desktop application and Rust library. Before version 0.57.13, an attacker who can send messages to a configured external channel can cause the agent to create persistent shell cron jobs without human approval. The scheduler later executes these jobs with the privileges of the OpenHuman runtime user. Command validation also permits leading environment assignments that can redirect allowed commands to executable helpers. The demonstrated exploit requires a suitable helper executable already present on the host. This can lead to unauthorized persistent command execution and compromise data and resources accessible to OpenHuman. This issue is fixed in version 0.57.13.

Injection Device

ntopng is a web-based network traffic monitoring application. Prior to 6.7.260717, scripts/lua/rest/v2/add/host/to_scan.lua and scripts/lua/rest/v2/exec/host/schedule_vulnerability_scan.lua accept scan_ports from any authenticated session, including non-administrator users, while deployments with login disabled expose the same request without authentication. The endpoints validate scan_ports with validateSingleWord, which permits shell metacharacters, and persist the value for the minute vulnerability-scan scheduler. The scheduler concatenates the value into an nmap command through nmap_scan_host and executes it through ntop.execCmd or ntop.execCmdAsync using popen. For the tcp_portscan and cve modules, a preliminary nmap -sn probe must first report the target as up before the attacker-controlled ports are used. When nmap is installed, this command injection allows arbitrary operating-system commands to execute as the ntopng service account without further user interaction. This issue is fixed in version 6.7.260717.

Injection Device

An OS command injection vulnerability exists in SHIRASAGI, which may allow an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands on the system running the product.

Injection Device

A vulnerability was determined in Tenda AC19 16.03.10.07. Affected by this issue is the function saveParentControlInfo of the file /goform/saveParentControlInfo. This manipulation of the argument deviceId causes heap-based buffer overflow. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.

Memory safety Device

OpenHuman is an open-source agent harness available as a desktop application and Rust library. Before 0.57.13, a remote direct message received through a configured Yuanbao channel is converted into a generic channel AgentTurnRequest that uses the default tool policy without establishing an interactive approval context. Under the default Supervised autonomy policy with Node enabled, node_exec is classified as a write operation that should prompt for approval, but ApprovalGate treats missing APPROVAL_CHAT_CONTEXT as a non-interactive turn and allows execution. Because Yuanbao direct messages are open by default, an external sender who can message the connected bot can influence the agent to execute JavaScript and operating-system commands as the OpenHuman user without an approval prompt. The issue requires a configured Yuanbao channel, the default approval-requiring policy state, Node availability, and successful model selection of node_exec. This issue is fixed in version 0.57.13.

Injection Device

A heap buffer overflow in gdbserver's QTDPsrc packet handler allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to achieve native code execution in the gdbserver process. The vulnerability results from a mismatch between a packet's declared source length and the actual data length, causing hex2bin to write beyond the allocated heap buffer.

Memory safety Device

NOsql Object (NO2 a.k.a Nitrite) database is an open source nosql embedded document store. Prior to version 4.4.1, when Nitrite opens a database file, MVStoreUtils.openOrCreate() automatically checks for a legacy v1-format store and, on detecting one (or hitting a compatibility error while opening), triggers an automatic migration path. This path deserializes stored values using NitriteDataType.deserialize(byte[]), which passes the raw bytes directly to java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject() via a custom NitriteObjectInputStream subclass. That subclass overrides only readClassDescriptor() — solely to remap a handful of known legacy class names to their current equivalents — and implements no class allowlist, blocklist, or ObjectInputFilter (JEP 290). Any Serializable class reachable on the embedding application's classpath can therefore be instantiated via readObject(), with readObject()/readExternal()/readResolve() callbacks invoked unconditionally. If a suitable gadget class (e.g. from commons-collections or similar) happens to be present on the classpath, this is a precondition for remote code execution. This issue has been patched in version 4.4.1.

Code execution Device

UgCS server before 6.2 contains an authentication bypass in the HCI protocol login handler (LoginHandler) exposed on TCP port 3334. When the user database contains exactly one user (the default single-operator installation), a LoginRequest with empty userLogin and userPassword fields is interpreted as \"use the only user\" rather than as invalid credentials, and the server returns a fully authenticated session. Because the service listens on all interfaces (0.0.0.0) without TLS by default, an unauthenticated remote attacker with network access to port 3334 can obtain an authenticated session without knowing any credential and then issue privileged commands, including commanding connected drones and uploading flight routes.

Auth & access Device

Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key in JWT token authentication in Apache OFBiz 24.09.06 and 24.09.07 on all platforms allows an unauthenticated, network-reachable attacker to obtain full administrative access via a forged JWT signed with the factory-default security.token.key value that CVE-2026-31986 removed from newly generated configurations, on a deployment that upgraded from a release predating that fix while retaining its existing security.properties with security.internal.sso.enabled set to true. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 24.09.08. Upgrading alone does not replace an already-configured key: deployments that carried framework/security/config/security.properties forward from a release predating the CVE-2026-31986 fix must also run './gradlew rotateSecretKeys' after upgrading, since the existing generateSecretKeys task leaves an already-set value untouched.

Auth & access Device

ASN1SCC is an open source ASN.1 compiler for embedded systems. Prior to 4.7.0.1, BitStream_DecodeConstraintWholeNumber in asn1crt/asn1crt_encoding.c reads enough bits for a constrained integer but does not reject values above the declared range when the encoded range is not a power of two. Generated uPER and ACN decoders for variable-size SEQUENCE OF, OCTET STRING, BIT STRING, and string values use the invalid result as a loop or copy length, so a crafted over-range size field can write beyond a destination buffer. Decoding untrusted affected data can corrupt heap or stack memory, cause a crash, or potentially permit code execution. This issue is fixed in version 4.7.0.1.

Memory safety Device

A security flaw has been discovered in OpenBMB Internet of Agents up to 9d78e88e47160eb42ee1ee8538c05e1c2c47877a. This affects the function ConnectionManager.connect of the file im_server/app.py of the component WebSocket Connection Manager. The manipulation of the argument agent_name results in missing authentication. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. This product takes the approach of rolling releases to provide continious delivery. Therefore, version details for affected and updated releases are not available. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

Auth & access Device

BabelDOC from 0.3.61 before 0.7.0 contains a resource exhaustion vulnerability that allows remote attackers to exhaust CPU and memory by supplying unbounded bfrange and cidrange spans. Attackers can submit a crafted PDF whose embedded ToUnicode CMap declares a huge range, driving billions of loop iterations and stalling the translation worker.

Denial of service Device

BTCPay Server before 2.4.2, including 2.4.2 release candidates, contains an information disclosure vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to retrieve .macaroon credential files for an LND (Lightning Network Daemon) node. Attackers can use the exposed macaroon to gain full control of the LND node, including moving funds, resulting in theft of funds from affected deployments.

Disclosure Device

FreeSWITCH is a Software Defined Telecom Stack enabling the digital transformation from proprietary telecom switches to a software implementation that runs on any commodity hardware. Prior to 1.11.2, rtmp_rtmp2rtpH264() trusted the length prefix of each inbound H.264 NAL unit without checking it against the bytes remaining in the RTMP message. An oversized declared unit underflowed the unsigned remaining-byte counter and advanced the parser beyond its receive buffer, where the next length-prefix read could crash the process. The flaw affects deployments that build and load mod_rtmp and accept video call sessions, commonly on TCP port 1935; placing the call requires a directory login where auth-calls is true, while no credentials are required where auth-calls is absent or false. A remote client can terminate FreeSWITCH and every active call, but the defect supplies no write primitive and memory disclosure has not been demonstrated. This issue is fixed in version 1.11.2.

Memory safety Device Freeswitch

rabbitmq-c is a C-language AMQP client library for RabbitMQ. Prior to version 0.17.0, the bounds check (*offset = o + len) <= encoded.len overflows when o + len > SIZE_MAX on 32-bit systems. len is a uint32_t read from the AMQP wire as a BYTES/UTF8 field length. The overflow wraps the check to a small value that passes, producing a decoded amqp_bytes_t with a multi-GB .len pointing into a small frame buffer. This results in an out-of-bounds read of up to ~4GB of process memory on 32-bit systems (ARM, MIPS, x86 ILP32, embedded IoT AMQP clients). Enabling information disclosure or denial of service. Not exploitable on 64-bit systems where size_t is 64-bit. This issue has been patched in version 0.17.0.

Memory safety Device

A flaw was found in the GNU debugger (GDB). When GDB connects to a remote debug target, a malicious target can cause GDB to overflow a buffer on the stack while parsing the target's replies. This can crash GDB or potentially allow the target to execute arbitrary code in the GDB client process with the privileges of the user running GDB.

Memory safety Device

OpenHuman is an open-source agent harness available as a desktop application and Rust library. Before 0.56.0 on macOS, the runtime injected into a supported remote account webview such as Google Meet allows page JavaScript to call getDisplayMedia without a live user gesture. Instead of rejecting the request, the shim falls through to native Chromium capture behavior, and the embedded CEF environment can auto-select the primary display because it lacks the normal desktop-media picker. If OpenHuman already has macOS Screen Recording permission and an attacker obtains JavaScript execution in an allowed embedded origin, the attacker can obtain a real desktop capture stream without a new user gesture. The stream can expose chats, documents, source code, email, meeting content, credentials, one-time codes, and other visible desktop information. The separate direct screen_share_begin_session IPC path failing origin validation does not prevent exploitation through getDisplayMedia. This issue is fixed in version 0.56.0.

Disclosure Device

mpv 0.29.0 before 0.42.0 contains a playlist injection vulnerability in the bundled ytdl_hook script that allows remote attackers to add unchecked entries by embedding newlines in playlist URLs. Attackers controlling a feed or page can bypass url_is_safe() to open file:// or av:// inputs, reading local files or loading shared objects via ladspa for code execution.

Disclosure Device

Tasmota through 16.0.0, fixed in commit e97e1e4, contains a heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability in SendReceiveDeviceGroupMessage() that allows unauthenticated attackers on the local network to corrupt heap memory by sending crafted Device Groups messages over UDP port 4447 that cause the log_remaining counter to go negative and writes to exceed the fixed 512-byte buffer. Attackers can exploit this flaw to crash the device or potentially achieve native code execution on ESP8266 and ESP32 platforms that lack ASLR and heap cookies.

Memory safety Device

A stack buffer overflow in the GDB client's remote protocol handler allows an attacker-controlled debug target to execute arbitrary code in the GDB process. The vulnerability exists in fetch_register_using_p, which decodes a stub's register reply into an alloca-sized buffer without bounding writes by the register width.

Memory safety Device

iTerm2 before 3.7.7beta2 has an argument injection vulnerability in the x-man-page: URL handler, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the logged-in user by inducing the user to open a crafted URL in iTerm2. Percent-encoded NUL characters survive input sanitization and are subsequently converted to whitespace during command-line parsing, allowing injection of additional arguments to /usr/bin/man. An attacker can inject the -P option to select an attacker-controlled pager command. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2023-46321.

Code execution Device

A length validation flaw in gdbserver's agent-expression parser allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to read uninitialized heap memory from the gdbserver process and cause a denial of service. Disclosed heap content includes addresses suitable for defeating ASLR in further exploitation.

Denial of service Device

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability in Kobikom Telecommunications and Informatics Services Inc. Kobikom allows Path Traversal. This issue affects Kobikom: before KobiPBX-FOP3-SEC-r1.

Disclosure Device

WebAssembly Micro Runtime (WAMR) is a lightweight standalone WebAssembly (Wasm) runtime. Prior to 2.4.5, the two-pass fast interpreter loader in core/iwasm/interpreter/wasm_loader.c can make inconsistent constant-table decisions between the sizing pass and the emitting pass. After duplicate constants inflate the first pass beyond the constant-slot limit, wasm_loader_get_const_offset emits later constants inline, but the between-pass sort and deduplication reduces the table so the second pass can choose table references and cause reserve_block_ret to emit additional copy operands that were not included in code_compiled_peak_size. A crafted module can therefore make the second pass write partially attacker-controlled compiled-code data beyond the heap buffer allocated from the first pass's size calculation during wasm_runtime_load, before guest code executes. This can corrupt host heap metadata and deterministically crash the process, causing denial of service; further consequences depend on the host application's heap layout. Builds using WAMR_BUILD_FAST_INTERP=1 are affected; disabling the fast interpreter avoids the vulnerable loader. This issue is fixed in version 2.4.5.

Memory safety Device

VRPN through 07.36 contains an out-of-bounds stack write vulnerability in vrpn_Endpoint::handle_sender_message() and handle_type_message() that allows unauthenticated remote peers to write outside a stack buffer via an unchecked length index. Attackers can connect, complete the version-cookie exchange, and send a SENDER_DESCRIPTION or TYPE_DESCRIPTION message with an out-of-range or negative index to crash the process.

Denial of service Device

Authentication bypass in the HA heartbeat origin check in middlewared in TrueNAS SCALE before 25.10.8 (and in release trains before their respective fixes) allows an attacker on the same network segment to achieve unauthenticated full-administrator API access and execute commands as root. middlewared registers the HA peer-authentication hook (ha_permission) unconditionally, with no failover-licence or heartbeat-interface check. An unauthenticated connection whose TCP peer address is a hardcoded HA heartbeat address (169.254.10.1 or 169.254.10.2) and whose peer port is <= 1024 is granted a node credential that is authorized for every API method and treated as full administrator. Both conditions are properties of the attacker's own socket, and thus an attacker on the same layer-2 segment satisfies them without forging anything. The hook is present on non-HA, unlicensed, single-node Community Edition installations. The fix additionally requires that the connection terminate on the HA heartbeat listener (a local address/port the attacker cannot control).

Auth & access Device

Cendio ThinLinc contains an improper authentication vulnerability in its browser-based web client (tlwebaccess) that allows an authenticated attacker to impersonate any other user, including root, by exploiting flaws in multi-step authentication flows such as one-time passwords, login banners, or expired password prompts. Attackers can leverage this authentication bypass during the multi-step login process to gain unauthorized access to other user accounts, including administrative privileges, in versions from 4.1.0 through 4.20.0.

Auth & access Device

FreeSWITCH is a Software Defined Telecom Stack enabling the digital transformation from proprietary telecom switches to a software implementation that runs on any commodity hardware. Prior to 1.11.2, rtmp_handle_control() rendered an RTMP user-control message into a 200-byte stack buffer using an unbounded sprintf loop controlled by the wire message length. A body of roughly 70 bytes or more overflowed the stack before any RTMP login, because the handshake authenticates neither side. The flaw affects deployments that build and load mod_rtmp, which is disabled in the stock build and configuration but commonly exposes a listener on TCP port 1935 when enabled. One unauthenticated message can crash FreeSWITCH and end every active call; the constrained ASCII hex output has not yielded control-flow hijacking. This issue is fixed in version 1.11.2.

Memory safety Device Freeswitch

WPPConnect Server through 2.10.76 contains a missing authentication vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to read decrypted sticker media through the /files static mount. Attackers can enumerate Unix timestamps in GET /files/file<timestamp>.webp requests to retrieve stickers from any session, bypassing per-session token checks.

Other Device

WebAssembly Micro Runtime (WAMR) is a lightweight standalone WebAssembly (Wasm) runtime. Prior to 2.4.5, wasi_poll_oneoff in core/iwasm/libraries/libc-wasi/libc_wasi_wrapper.c validates the output pointer for only one wasi_event_t, while wasmtime_ssp_poll_oneoff in core/iwasm/libraries/libc-wasi/sandboxed-system-primitives/src/posix.c can write as many events as the guest-controlled nsubscriptions value. A crafted guest module can provide multiple subscriptions that produce events while positioning an output region large enough for only one event, causing a later out[nevents] write to cross the validated Wasm linear-memory boundary into adjacent host heap memory. The overwrite contains partly attacker-controlled event data and can reliably crash the host process, with further confidentiality or integrity consequences depending on heap layout. This issue is fixed in version 2.4.5.

Memory safety Device

Wowza Streaming Engine before 4.12.2 processes XML external entities, which allows remote attackers to read local files with the privileges of the Wowza Streaming Engine process.

Disclosure Device

An issue in FreeReels for Android version 2.3.11 allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information via the com.dramawave.feature.web.WebPageActivity component

Disclosure Device

FrodoBots EarthRover Mini+ firmware (version 6.2.4_6.2.5_0.614.0) is vulnerable to unauthenticated, remote code execution via MQTT. A firmware method accepts arbitrary shell commands delivered via Amazon Web Services Internet of Things Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (AWS IoT MQTT) messages and executes them as root. Access is gated only by shared Internet of Things (IoT) credentials, with no per‑device authentication, enabling remote code execution as root across the fleet.

Code execution Device

ASN1SCC is an open source ASN.1 compiler for embedded systems. Prior to 4.7.0.1, the XER tokenizer NT() in asn1crt/asn1crt_encoding_xer.c, which is reached by all XER decode paths, copies tag characters into a fixed char Value[100] field without a length bound and reads input and lookahead bytes without checking the buffer count. A crafted XER message with an overlong tag can overwrite the tokenizer's stack frame, while a truncated tag or unterminated processing-instruction or comment sequence can read beyond the input and may cause a CPU spin. The flaws can disclose adjacent memory, corrupt stack data, crash or hang the decoder, and potentially permit code execution. This issue is fixed in version 4.7.0.1.

Memory safety Device

FreeSWITCH is a Software Defined Telecom Stack enabling the digital transformation from proprietary telecom switches to a software implementation that runs on any commodity hardware. Prior to 1.11.2, switch_xml_ampencode() reserved only ten bytes for the widest numeric character reference produced from a four-byte UTF-8 sequence, omitting space for the terminating NUL. When remote-supplied text was serialized at the exact buffer-growth boundary, the terminator wrote one byte beyond the heap allocation. Reachable surfaces include mod_xml_cdr, conference and formatted CDR XML, XML Event Socket output, and XML API output that serializes caller-controlled values. The fixed zero-byte write can abort the process or truncate an adjacent object, while remote code execution has not been demonstrated. This issue is fixed in version 1.11.2.

Memory safety Device

Improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command ('SQL injection') vulnerability in Kobikom Telecommunications and Informatics Services Inc. Kobikom allows SQL Injection. This issue affects Kobikom: before KobiPBX-FOP3-SEC-r1.

Injection Device

noname Electron desktop build v1.11.2 through v1.11.6.1 contains an unauthenticated local file server with wildcard CORS that allows malicious websites to read, overwrite, or delete installation files. Attackers can send cross-origin requests to /writeFile on localhost port 8089 to overwrite renderer scripts, executing JavaScript with Node.js access as the local user.

Auth & access Device

Insecure direct object reference (IDOR) vulnerability in the MatchPoint API, which relies on the `actingasuser` HTTP header without verifying the requester's authorization for the specified user. Manipulation of sequential identifiers allows access to personal, banking, and financial data, private messages, and QR codes for physical access, as well as the ability to modify third-party accounts, change passwords, impersonate users, and transfer virtual balances.

Auth & access Device

A vulnerability that could lead to a high privileged authenticated user performing a remote code execution attack.

Code execution Device

Keycloak provides a Dynamic Client Registration feature that allows users with specific tokens to register their own applications. A flaw in how Keycloak validates these registration requests allows an attacker to create a malicious application that forges identity information. By mapping their own user profile details to protected fields like the user ID (sub) or intended audience (aud), an attacker can generate signed security tokens that make them appear to be a different user. This could allow an attacker to impersonate other users or gain unauthorized access to services that rely on these tokens for identity verification.

Crypto Device

SQL injection vulnerability in DLP on-prem extensions version 11.13.1 and earlier allows a remote authenticated attacker to inject SQL queries without sanitization or parameterized queries.

Injection Device

Improperly Controlled Modification of Dynamically-Determined Object Attributes vulnerability in the device API, device forms, signing key and product forms and JITP settings in nerves-hub nerves_hub_web allows an authenticated user who manages devices in any organization to write into other organizations via submitted org_id, product_id and deployment_id fields. The device API create and update actions and the dashboard device forms pass the request parameters to NervesHub.Devices.Device.changeset/2, which casts the organization, product, deployment group and update state as given. The signing key and product forms merge the session's organization into the submitted parameters so that a submitted org_id wins, and the JITP changeset accepts any product_id. Each request requires the manage role only in the user's own organization, and any account can create one. A device placed on another organization's deployment group, or moved into its product, is sent that organization's firmware with a download URL. The user cannot change or control devices that already belong to the other organization, and cannot upload firmware to it. This issue affects nerves_hub: from 1.0.0 before 2.5.3.

Auth & access Device

In Eclipse Kura versions 5.0.0 through 5.6.2, the Wire Graph update functionality of the Kura Web UI, and the Wire Service REST API v1 (available since 5.1.0, org.eclipse.kura.rest.wire.provider), determine whether a configuration update targets a Wire Component, Driver or Asset from the factory identifier supplied in the request, instead of the actual factory of the existing component. An authenticated identity holding only the Wires management permission (kura.wires.admin for the Web UI, rest.wires.admin for the REST API) can therefore modify the configuration of existing components that are not part of the Wire Graph, including security-relevant ones, or replace existing components. This allows escalation to full administrative privileges and can disrupt the device. Modifying arbitrary components requires at least one Driver to be installed on the device. The issue is fixed in Eclipse Kura 5.6.3.

Other Device

Authorizer before 2.4.2 contains a password reset poisoning vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to control emailed link hosts by supplying x-authorizer-url gRPC metadata. Attackers can send this metadata to the gRPC port or a Grpc-Metadata-X-Authorizer-Url header through the REST gateway to capture reset or magic-link tokens and take over accounts.

Auth & access Device

Codex Desktop for Windows does not correctly check quotation marks in project paths from Windows Explorer. If a user selects "Open project in ChatGPT" for an attacker-controlled library's child item, the path can add application startup arguments. These arguments can run attacker-controlled code with the current Windows user's permissions before sign-in or project trust approval.

Code execution Device

Mongoose is a MongoDB object modeling tool designed to work in an asynchronous environment. Prior to 6.13.12, 7.8.13, 8.24.7, and 9.11.4, Mongoose uses attacker-controlled discriminator key values, including the default __t field, to index plain-object registries such as Model.discriminators and schema.discriminators without requiring an own property. Values such as constructor, toString, or hasOwnProperty can therefore resolve to inherited built-in functions instead of a registered discriminator, causing type confusion in model construction, document creation, hydration, query and update casting, embedded discriminators, and populate operations. In the bulkWrite() insertOne path with skipValidation enabled, a constructor value can cause a raw input object to be stored without schema casting or strict filtering, and a stored poisoned document can make every query that hydrates it fail until the document is removed. The weakness reads inherited properties but does not modify Object.prototype and is not prototype pollution. This issue is fixed in versions 6.13.12, 7.8.13, 8.24.7, and 9.11.4.

Memory safety Device Automattic Mongoose

Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere vulnerability in myCred myCred mycred allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.This issue affects myCred: from n/a through 4.0.2.

Disclosure Device

Hard-coded Cryptographic Key vulnerability exists in the DLP on-prem extensions version 11.13.1 and earlier allows a remote attacker to decrypt credentials and evidence files.

Auth & access Device

A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the Foxit Workspace's file share preview functionality. An attacker could upload a crafted file and share it with a victim. When the victim opens or previews the file, the embedded script executes in the application's origin, potentially accessing locally stored credentials and enabling credential theft.

XSS Device