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A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the batchupg functionality of X2000R (version(s): TOTOLINK-X2000R-Gh-V1.0.0-B20250421.1327). A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.

Memory safety

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the boa formUpload() functionality of X2000R (version(s): TOTOLINK-X2000R-Gh-V1.0.0-B20250421.1327). A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.

Memory safety Web app

A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the boa formUpload() functionality of X2000R (version(s): TOTOLINK-X2000R-Gh-V1.0.0-B20250421.1327). A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.

Memory safety Web app

A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the boa formIpQos mac functionality of X2000R (version(s): TOTOLINK-X2000R-Gh-V1.0.0-B20250421.1327). A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.

Memory safety

A pre-authentication heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability has been identified in the SonicOS SSL-VPN service, which could potentially enable a remote unauthenticated attacker to cause an application level denial of service.

Memory safety Network gear

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 12.0.0 until 13.0.0, Pillow's Image.merge() can dereference a null image8 plane. Validation skips the first input band, allowing a 32-bit integer or floating-point image backed by image32 storage to be merged as a narrower multiband image. A crafted IPTC file can reach this path when an application opens and loads it, or a caller can invoke Image.merge() directly with such a first band. This causes a native process crash. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.

Memory safety Library Python Pillow

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 13.0.0, Pillow can double free image memory when ImagingScaleAffine encounters a selective allocation failure. The affected fast path handles Transform.EXTENT or pure scale-and-translate Transform.AFFINE operations with the default NEAREST resampling. The output image allocation must succeed while the additional per-column lookup allocation fails, after which the error path deletes image storage that later cleanup releases again. An attacker who can drive such a large Image.transform() operation under memory pressure may trigger the failure. This can crash the process and may corrupt memory. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.

Memory safety Library Python Pillow

Out-of-bounds write in Windows GDI allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Memory safety OS & kernel Microsoft Windows 10 1607

A use-after-free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in Safari 27.2, iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS 26.7.2, iOS 27.2 and iPadOS 27.2, macOS Golden Gate 27.2, tvOS 27.2, visionOS 27.2, watchOS 27.2. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.

Memory safety Browser & mail Apple Safari

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 13.0.0, Pillow's rank-based filters can dereference invalid image storage for a zero-size image. ImagingExpand() allocates a non-empty output and then faults while replicating edges by reading the first pixel from empty input storage; ImagingRankFilter is never reached. An attacker can supply or cause creation of a zero-size image to an application that applies a rank, median, minimum, or maximum filter. This causes a native process crash. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.

Memory safety Library Python Pillow

A vulnerability was found in TRENDnet TEW-432BRP 3.10B20. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formTcpipSetup of the file /goform/formTcpipSetup. Performing a manipulation of the argument Name results in stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The vendor confirms: "As this router was EOL'd in 2011, we have no way of testing if such vulnerability exists. We will notify our customers of a potential vulnerability on this product." This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.

Memory safety Network gear

Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. Prior to Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3, an unbounded `sscanf` in `res_pjsip_pubsub` when parsing the `MWI NOTIFY` `Message-Account` field may allow an unauthenticated attacker to send a carefully crafted packet that causes a stack buffer overflow and corrupts the underlying transport, permanently disabling all SIP functionality. An Asterisk restart is required to restore full operation. This issue is fixed in Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3.

Memory safety

Stack-based buffer overflow in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

Memory safety Server Microsoft Sql Server 2017

A Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the iked IKE key-management daemon of Juniper Networks Junos OS on the SRX Series allows an authenticated remote-access VPN client to execute code with root privileges or cause denial of service via the remote-access VPN authentication and JIMS identity-publishing path.

Memory safety Network gear

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Memory safety Microsoft 365 Apps

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office PowerPoint allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Memory safety Microsoft 365 Apps

Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Memory safety OS & kernel Microsoft Windows 10 1607

A use-after-free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in Safari 27.2, iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS 26.7.2, iOS 27.2 and iPadOS 27.2, macOS Golden Gate 27.2, visionOS 27.2. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected process termination.

Memory safety Browser & mail Apple Safari

A use-after-free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in Safari 27.2, iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS 26.7.2, iOS 27.2 and iPadOS 27.2, macOS Golden Gate 27.2, visionOS 27.2. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected process termination.

Memory safety Browser & mail Apple Safari

Buffer under-read vulnerability in Apache Tomcat meant that a large non-blocking write could result in the response body being split between the current request and the next request received on that connection leading most likely to failure of the second request and possibly leakage of data from the first response to the second. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M25 through 11.0.26. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.27, which fixes the issue.

Memory safety Web app

NoMachine nxwebrunner Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NoMachine. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the web service, which listens on TCP port 4443 by default. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the service account. Was ZDI-CAN-30685.

Memory safety Web app

A vulnerability was found in WAVLINK WN536AX6-A V260507. This affects the function strcpy of the file /protocol.csp of the component OpenVPN Handler. The manipulation of the argument openvpn_ip results in stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.

Memory safety Network gear

A vulnerability was identified in Linksys E8450 1.2.00.360516. Affected is the function strcpy of the file /www/cgi-bin/portal.cgi. Such manipulation of the argument hidden_timezone leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be executed remotely. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Memory safety Network gear

An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 27.2 and iPadOS 27.2, macOS Golden Gate 27.2, tvOS 27.2, visionOS 27.2, watchOS 27.2. Processing a maliciously crafted font may lead to unexpected app termination or corrupt process memory.

Memory safety OS & kernel Apple Ipados

F´ (F Prime) is a framework that enables development and deployment of spaceflight and other embedded software applications. Prior to 4.3.0, Svc::FileDownlink SendPartial range validation is vulnerable because unchecked startOffset plus length arithmetic bypasses the range check and stores a wrapped m_endOffset that is inconsistent with m_byteOffset. When an existing source file is larger than a valid startOffset and a SendPartial command supplies a length whose U32 sum with that offset wraps below the file size, under standard F Prime assertion handling, the first data-packet transition reaches FW_ASSERT and aborts or resets the process, causing denial of service. This issue is fixed in version 4.3.0.

Memory safety Device

A vulnerability was detected in Wavlink WL-WN530BE1-A 251117. This vulnerability affects the function strcpy of the file /cgi-bin/ExportAllSettings.cgi of the component Settings Export CGI. Performing a manipulation of the argument HTTP_COOKIE/X-Cmd results in stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure.

Memory safety Web app

An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS 26.7.2, iOS 27.2 and iPadOS 27.2, macOS Golden Gate 27.2, macOS Sequoia 15.8.2, macOS Tahoe 26.7.2, visionOS 27.2. Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to unexpected app termination.

Memory safety OS & kernel Apple Ipados

An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS 26.7.2, iOS 27.2 and iPadOS 27.2, macOS Golden Gate 27.2, macOS Sequoia 15.8.2, macOS Tahoe 26.7.2, visionOS 27.2. Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to unexpected app termination.

Memory safety OS & kernel Apple Ipados

ASN1SCC is an open source ASN.1 compiler for embedded systems. Prior to 4.7.0.1, BitStream_DecodeConstraintWholeNumber in asn1crt/asn1crt_encoding.c reads enough bits for a constrained integer but does not reject values above the declared range when the encoded range is not a power of two. Generated uPER and ACN decoders for variable-size SEQUENCE OF, OCTET STRING, BIT STRING, and string values use the invalid result as a loop or copy length, so a crafted over-range size field can write beyond a destination buffer. Decoding untrusted affected data can corrupt heap or stack memory, cause a crash, or potentially permit code execution. This issue is fixed in version 4.7.0.1.

Memory safety Device

Buffer overflow in WebGL in Google Chrome on on Android prior to 156.0.8078.47 allowed a remote attacker to potentially execute arbitrary code outside the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

Memory safety Browser & mail Google Chrome

Stack-based buffer overflow and missing authorization vulnerability in Thales Sentinel Keys Server on Windows allows Overflow Buffers. Sentinel Keys Server does not check the length of the first field in the HTTP request. An attacker may craft an HTTP request and send it to Sentinel Keys Server. It may lead to remote code execution as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM. This issue affects Sentinel Keys Server: versions lower than 1.3.8.0.

Memory safety Server

Multiple Cisco products are affected by a vulnerability in the generic routing encapsulation (GRE) tunnel decapsulation feature of the Snort 3 Detection Engine that could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause an unexpected restart of the Snort 3 Detection Engine. This vulnerability is due to improper handling of nested GRE traffic. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted GRE payload through an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to trigger an unexpected reload of the Snort 3 Detection Engine, resulting in either a bypass or denial of service (DoS) condition, depending on device configuration. For more information, see the section of this advisory. The Snort 3 Detection Engine will restart automatically. No manual intervention is required.

Memory safety Network gear

A vulnerability was determined in Netcore NBR100V2 1.3.240614.030928. Affected by this issue is the function msg_aes_dec of the file /usr/bin/auto_ac. This manipulation causes integer overflow. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Memory safety

FreeRDP before 3.32.1 contains a heap-based buffer overflow in the server-side rdpsnd channel because an integer wraparound in rdpsnd_server_select_format() DVI_ADPCM block-alignment arithmetic bypasses validation. A malicious RDP client can send two SNDC_FORMATS PDUs with an nBlockAlign too small for nChannels, causing an unbounded heap write during server audio playback, potentially enabling code execution.

Memory safety Server

A use-after-free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in Safari 27.2, iOS 26.7.2 and iPadOS 26.7.2, iOS 27.2 and iPadOS 27.2, macOS Golden Gate 27.2, tvOS 27.2, visionOS 27.2, watchOS 27.2. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.

Memory safety Browser & mail Apple Safari

FreeRDP before 3.32.2 contains a heap-based buffer overflow in the RD Gateway RPC client, where rpc_client_recv_fragment writes BIND_ACK and ALTER_CONTEXT_RESP fragments into a persistent PDU stream after checking only total capacity rather than remaining capacity from the current stream position. A malicious or compromised RD Gateway can send crafted RPC fragments with manipulated alloc_hint and frag_length values to overwrite client heap memory with attacker-controlled data, causing a crash or potentially arbitrary code execution.

Memory safety Library Freerdp

A stack-based buffer overflow exists in Kamailio v6.1.3 and v6.1.4 in the ims_qos_npn module. The w_rx_aar_register() function copies the attacker-controlled host field from the SIP `Via` header into a fixed 46-byte stack buffer without validating its length. An unauthenticated remote attacker can trigger the vulnerability with a crafted SIP `REGISTER` request, causing stack corruption and termination of the affected Kamailio instance, resulting in denial of service.

Memory safety Library

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Memory safety Browser & mail Microsoft Edge Chromium

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Memory safety Browser & mail Microsoft Edge Chromium

Double free in Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Memory safety Browser & mail Microsoft Edge Chromium

Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Memory safety Browser & mail Microsoft Edge Chromium

Asterisk is an open source private branch exchange and telephony toolkit. Prior to Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3, a NULL pointer dereference in the `Asterisk Manager Interface (AMI)` may allow an unauthenticated attacker to crash Asterisk when `Digest Authentication` is used via `HTTP`. The Asterisk `HTTP` web server, AMI, and AMI access via `HTTP` must all be enabled; each is disabled by default. The attacker must be able to connect to the `HTTP` server, which binds only to `127.0.0.1` by default even when enabled. This issue is fixed in Asterisk 20.20.1, 21.12.3, 22.10.1, 23.4.1 and Certified Asterisk 20.7-cert11, 22.8-cert3.

Memory safety

Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 13.0.0, Pillow's ImageMorph.MorphOp.apply() can access memory before a row buffer for a zero-width image. PPM and PGM input can create an image with width zero, and the native morphology routine indexes outrow[width - 1] without rejecting that geometry. An attacker can supply such an image to an application that applies a morphology operation. This can crash the process. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.

Memory safety Library Python Pillow

A security vulnerability in HPE NonStop SNMP Trap Multiplexer may allow remote code execution

Memory safety

Use after free in Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

Memory safety Browser & mail Microsoft Edge Chromium

Use after free in Microsoft Edge for iOS allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Memory safety Browser & mail Microsoft Edge

Out-of-bounds reads in URL parsing and case-insensitive header lookup in Apache bRPC before version 1.18.0 on platforms where plain char is unsigned, such as ARM64, allow remote attackers to cause a process crash and denial of service by sending crafted input containing bytes with the high bit set. Root Cause: Two 256-entry lookup tables are accessed through pointers biased by 128 so that valid indices are in the range -128 to 127. Input bytes are promoted from plain char to int without first normalizing them to the signed-char range. On affected platforms, bytes in the range 0x80 to 0xFF therefore become indices 128 to 255 and read up to 127 bytes beyond the end of the underlying tables. Affected Scenarios: A remotely accessible bRPC HTTP server on an affected platform can reach the vulnerable URL lookup through an unauthenticated request URI containing a high-bit byte. The case-insensitive lookup is also reachable when untrusted header names are processed through APIs such as the HTTP/2 HPACK path. HTTP/1 header names containing high-bit bytes are rejected by the HTTP/1 parser before reaching the vulnerable lookup. Builds where plain char is signed, which commonly include x86_64 builds, are not affected by this issue. How to Fix: Choose one of the following options: 1. Upgrade Apache bRPC to version 1.18.0 or later. 2. Apply the patch from https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3376 . The fix normalizes lookup-table indices to the signed-char range before accessing the biased tables.

Memory safety Library

A Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a configured BGP/EVPN peer to cause root code execution on Junos OS or an rpd crash on Junos OS Evolved via protocol-valid route advertisements for an EVPN-VPWS service.

Memory safety Network gear

A Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a remote configured BGP peer to cause an rpd crash, or on Junos OS remote code-execution, via sending a flow-spec update which is selected for re-advertisement.

Memory safety Network gear Juniper Junos Os Evolved

CAI Content Credentials is affected by an Integer Overflow or Wraparound vulnerability that could result in an application denial-of-service. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to crash the application, leading to a denial-of-service condition. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.

Memory safety Adobe c2pa