The internet is broken right now.

The EnergizeLab FirmwareUpdater (AArch64 ELF, distributed in the CDN bin.zip) uses a single hard-coded AES key shared by all installations. An attacker who recovers the key from the updater can decrypt and forge firmware packages for any device that trusts it.

Crypto Device

CAI Content Credentials is affected by an Improper Certificate Validation vulnerability that could result in a Security feature bypass. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and gain unauthorized write access. Exploit depends on conditions beyond the attacker's control. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.

Crypto Adobe c2pa

The Espressif AES driver drivers/crypto/crypto_esp32_aes.c advertises a multi-session cipher API — it hands out up to CONFIG_ESP32_CRYPTO_AES_SESSIONS_MAX (default 4) independent sessions, each carrying its own key and direction. The AES peripheral, however, has a single chip-global set of key and mode registers, and aes_begin_session() programmed them exactly once, at session start, outside the aes_lock mutex that serialises the transforms. The per-operation handlers aes_ecb_op(), aes_cbc_op() and aes_ctr_op() then ran aes_hal_transform_block() against whatever key and direction the registers happened to hold. As a result, once a second session is opened with a different key, every subsequent operation on the first session silently uses the second session's key and direction, and no error is reported. Because the key programming happened outside the lock, the correct usage pattern of "each thread does begin, then op, then free on its own session" also races: a second thread's cipher_begin_session() landing between the first thread's begin and its operation makes that operation run under the second thread's key. An attacker who can induce session creation on the device — for example a protocol peer whose connection causes a session key to be installed — can influence which key is resident when a victim operation runs. The impact is a cryptographic failure rather than memory corruption: data the application believed it was protecting under one key is encrypted or decrypted under another. Where the resident key is one the attacker knows or supplied, the affected plaintext becomes recoverable by that attacker, and the operation's direction (encrypt versus decrypt) can likewise be inverted. Exposure requires an application that holds two or more concurrent sessions with different keys against this driver; no in-tree Zephyr subsystem does so today (the 802.15.4 security layer, which does open two sessions, uses CCM mode, which this driver rejects), so the risk falls on application code that uses the documented multi-session API. The fix removes all hardware access from aes_begin_session() and reprograms the key and direction at the top of every operation, inside aes_lock, so the chip-global registers can no longer be observed stale by another session.

Crypto Device

The LaserGest mobile application disables TLS certificate and hostname verification via setServerTrustMode("nocheck"), allowing a man-in-the-middle attacker to intercept or modify network traffic, including credentials and API communications.

Crypto Device

Chartbrew is an open-source web application that can connect directly to databases and APIs and use the data to create charts. Prior to 5.2.3, Chart share and embed tokens were signed with CB_SECRET, including known or shipped-default values in stock source and repository Docker Compose installs. The vulnerable surface is chart share-token verification and filter-access routes for private charts. An attacker who knows the deployment's CB_SECRET targets a private chart that has been shared at least once so a share-policy row exists, then forges a Chart-subject token for that chart id. The known signing key permits valid Chart tokens, and the filter-access path accepts sequential integer ids without requiring a legitimate share link; token expiry and revocation are ineffective once the secret is known. The condition requires a known or default secret and an existing share-policy row. A bare container where CB_SECRET is undefined is outside this path, and a unique secret excludes it only while the value remains unknown and unpredictable. An unauthenticated attacker can enumerate integer ids and read arbitrary private chart data, including chartData, without possessing a legitimate share link. This issue is fixed in version 5.2.3.

Crypto Web app

Traefik 2.11.0 before 2.11.58 and 3.0.0 before 3.7.14 stores its NTLM/Kerberos backend round tripper in a client-connection slot not keyed by ServersTransport, so one service's TLS client configuration is reused for another service's backend. An unauthenticated client can arm the slot via a backend issuing an NTLM or Negotiate challenge, then reach another service on the same keep-alive connection, bypassing its root CAs, server name, and certificate verification.

Crypto Server Traefik

Stateful session bean identifiers are not generated from a cryptographically secure random source. A remote attacker with access to the EJB remote endpoint who holds one valid identifier can derive those of other clients' sessions and invoke methods on their beans, exposing or modifying other users' session state. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 10.3.0 or 11.0.0-M2, which fix the issue.

Crypto Server

IBM Storage Scale 5.2.3.0 through 5.2.3.8, and 6.0.1.0 does not validate or improperly validates TLS certificate validation when communicating with remote cluster GUI interfaces, which could allow an attacker to inject forged JSON responses using man in the middle techniques.

Crypto Server

NT OneAPP developed by NewType Infortech has an Improper Certificate Validation vulnerability. Unauthenticated network-adjacent attackers can perform a man-in-the-middle attack by failing to validate the server certificate and the hostname, thereby intercepting or modifying communications between the application and the server.

Crypto Web app

LightSAML implements SAML 2.0 data model classes, XML serialization and deserialization, XML security, certificate support, and message bindings. Prior to 4.7.1 and 5.0.1, LightSAML and xmlseclibs disagree about which assertion an inbound SAML signature covers. `Response::deserialize` uses `manyElementsFromXml` to collect only direct-child `saml:Assertion` elements of `samlp:Response`, and `AssertionSignatureValidatorAction` validates their `ds:Signature` using an out-of-band trusted IdP credential resolved by Issuer, not a key from the document. `XMLSecurityDSig::validateReference()` removes the enveloped signature from the shared DOM, but `processRefNode()` resolves `Reference URI="#id"` document-wide through an XPath of the form `//*[@Id]` and takes `item(0)`, which need not be the assertion whose claims LightSAML consumes. An attacker who has captured one genuinely signed assertion, such as an earlier login response, can place its signature-stripped bytes earlier in `samlp:Extensions` and present a forged direct-child assertion with the same ID and copied genuine signature. Validation then covers the hidden genuine bytes while LightSAML surfaces unsigned attacker-controlled `Subject/NameID`, `Conditions`, and `Attributes`, enabling authentication bypass or privilege escalation even when signature validation is required. The behavior was confirmed in versions 5.0.0 and 4.6.1. This issue is fixed in versions 4.7.1 and 5.0.1.

Crypto

Improper Validation of Certificate with Host Mismatch vulnerability in deadtrickster ssl_verify_fun allows an adversary in the middle to impersonate a TLS peer via a certificate that carries a partial-label wildcard. try_match_wildcard/4 in src/ssl_verify_hostname.erl anchors only the text before and after the * of an identifier such as f*.example.net, so the wildcard also consumes dots and the certificate is accepted for f.evil.example.net. RFC 6125 confines a wildcard to the left-most label. The same matcher lets *.168.1.1 match the IP literal 192.168.1.1. Whole-label wildcards are matched correctly. Erlang/OTP 20.0 and later check the hostname in ssl before a user verify_fun sees valid_peer, so a client that keeps server_name_indication set rejects the mismatch regardless. Exposed are clients that disable SNI, servers that verify client certificate hostnames with this library, and direct callers of verify_cert_hostname/2. This issue affects ssl_verify_fun: from 1.0.1 before 1.1.8.

Crypto Library

InterSystems IRIS for Health has TLS/SSL encryption turned off by default, which may enable an attacker to view transmitted data and use that data to log into the device.

Crypto Device

A vulnerability has been identified within Fleet where, by default, Fleet will automatically trust a remote server’s certificate when connecting through SSH if the certificate isn’t set in the `known_hosts` file. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against Fleet. In case the server that is being connected to has a trusted entry in the known_hosts file, then Fleet will correctly check the authenticity of the presented certificate.

Crypto Server

FileGator is a multi-user file manager. Prior to 7.15.0, GET /batchdownload in backend/Controllers/DownloadController.php uses batchDownloadStart() to stream a shared temporary archive selected by the request-supplied uniqid without checking that the current session created it. In deployments with distinct per-user home directories, a valid user with read, download, and batchdownload permissions who obtains another user's active archive id can cross that boundary and retrieve the victim's batch archive. The archive lifetime and id-acquisition requirement limit exploitation, but a successful replay also deletes the victim's pending archive. This issue is fixed in version 7.15.0.

Crypto Web app

FreeRDP from 2.0.0 before 3.32.0 contains an improper certificate validation vulnerability in its proxy that accepts untrusted target TLS certificates when no verification module is configured. Network-positioned attackers can intercept the proxy's outbound connection and present a self-signed, wrong-hostname certificate to impersonate the RDP target and receive proxied session data.

Crypto Library

rustls before 0.23.46 contains a key exchange downgrade vulnerability that allows network attackers to poison the per-server-name key-exchange group record via an unauthenticated ServerHello. Attackers can answer one connection with a ServerHello selecting X25519, causing later ClientHellos to send only classical shares and lose post-quantum confidentiality.

Crypto Server

A weakness has been identified in Yoosee GM8135S Camera 21.00.01.36. This affects an unknown function of the file /npc/npc of the component Live UDP H.264 Video Stream Handler. This manipulation causes cleartext transmission of sensitive information. The attack can be initiated remotely. The attack's complexity is rated as high. The exploitability is reported as difficult. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Crypto Device

Pay with Vipps and MobilePay for WooCommerce (woo-vipps) before 6.4.1 contains an improper cryptographic signature verification vulnerability in the recurring-payment webhook handler that allows unauthenticated attackers to forge webhook requests when no local webhook secret is stored, because the code fails to return on an empty secret and computes an HMAC keyed with an empty string using a loose == comparison instead of hash_equals. Attackers can craft a recurring.agreement-stopped.v1 event with a known agreementId and a matching empty-key signature to cancel a victim's active WooCommerce subscription.

Crypto Web app

MongoDB Compass relies on Electron, a third-party runtime that carries its own TLS root certificate store. This root certificate store has the recoverable eMudhra intermediate CA certificates. Issue is resolved by updating to Compass 1.53.1, which includes Electron 44.9.1.

Crypto

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: JSSE). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u503, 8u503-perf, 11.0.32.1, 17.0.20.1, 21.0.12.1, 25.0.4.1, 27; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.20.1 and 21.0.12.1; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.19.1.1. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via TLS to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can only be exploited by supplying data to APIs in the specified Component without using Untrusted Java Web Start applications or Untrusted Java applets, such as through a web service. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 3.7 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

Crypto

Open Access Management (OpenAM) is an access management solution. Prior to 16.1.1, the `RADIUS` authentication module opens an unconnected datagram socket and trusts the first UDP datagram received on the client source port. The receive path does not verify the source IP and port, match the response identifier to the outstanding request, or verify the RFC 2865 `Response Authenticator`; the RFC 2869 `Message-Authenticator` is neither sent nor required. Any non-Reject/non-Challenge packet is treated as success. On a deployment with a `RADIUS` module instance enabled on a login chain, an unauthenticated network attacker can race the real server on-path or spray forged `Access-Accept` packets off-path and obtain a session for any `RADIUS`-mapped username without knowing the shared secret. Unlike CVE-2024-3596, exploitation requires no MD5 chosen-prefix forgery because no response authenticator is checked. The resulting session carries the impersonated principal's privileges. This issue is fixed in version 16.1.1.

Crypto Library

Crawl4AI before 0.9.5 contains an improper certificate validation vulnerability that allows network attackers to intercept crawls because Chromium always launches with --ignore-certificate-errors. Man-in-the-middle or DNS-controlling attackers can serve forged content to the crawler and read cookies and headers sent, while hard-coded --no-sandbox also overrides CRAWL4AI_CHROMIUM_SANDBOX.

Crypto Browser & mail

Hickory DNS hickory-proto through 0.26.0-alpha.1 and hickory-net 0.26.0-beta.1 before 0.26.2 contain a DNSSEC validation flaw in the validating recursor's NSEC handler that accepts parent-side ancestor-delegation NSEC records as proof of nonexistence for names below the zone cut. An on-path attacker, rogue parent nameserver, or attacker winning a port and TXID race can deliver one forged NXDOMAIN response built from genuinely signed parent NSEC records, causing authenticated denial of existing child-zone names cached for the negative TTL.

Crypto

Hickory DNS hickory-proto 0.25 through 0.26.0-alpha.1 and hickory-net 0.26.0-beta.1 before 0.26.2 contain a DNSSEC validation flaw in the validating recursor's NSEC3 handler, which matches the closest encloser by hash alone without checking the type bitmap and so accepts parent-side ancestor-delegation NSEC3 records as proof of nonexistence. An attacker who delivers one response built from genuinely signed parent NSEC3 records can cause NXDOMAIN or NODATA to be cached with AD=1, denying resolution of existing names at and below the zone cut.

Crypto

MONAI before 1.6.1 contains an insufficient integrity verification vulnerability in check_hash() that silently returns True when hash_val is None, with MD5 as the default hash type. Attackers performing man-in-the-middle or registry compromise can substitute bundles, datasets, or model archives downloaded without hashes, enabling malicious file delivery and potential code execution.

Crypto Library

Use of a broken or risky cryptographic algorithm in Windows DPAPI (Data Protection Application Programming Interface) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Crypto OS & kernel

Routinator stores a newly-retrieved TA certificate via HTTPS in cache without validation, potentially overwriting a known good TA certificate even if validation fails.

Crypto Network gear

undici is an HTTP client library for Node.js. In versions 4.0.0 through 6.29.0, 7.0.0 through 7.30.0, and 8.0.0 through 8.12.1, its Agent dispatcher passes its constructor options through a JSON-based deep clone before forwarding them to each per-origin pool, and because JSON cannot represent functions, a caller-supplied tls option containing a checkServerIdentity callback is silently dropped before it reaches the TLS layer. As a result, a TLS peer whose certificate a custom checkServerIdentity was written to reject, but which passes Node's default hostname and chain checks, is silently accepted. Because Agent is the default dispatcher behind request, fetch, and setGlobalDispatcher, this affects the path most applications use, and EnvHttpProxyAgent is affected on its direct and no-proxy routes as well, while only applications that pass a function-valued tls option such as a custom checkServerIdentity for certificate or public-key pinning are at risk. The issue is fixed in undici 6.29.1, 7.30.1, and 8.12.2, which preserve the tls option outside the JSON clone so custom verification callbacks are forwarded unchanged, and users should upgrade to one of those versions or later. As a workaround, pass the TLS options through connect instead of tls, or for proxied destinations use requestTls and proxyTls.

Crypto Library Nodejs Undici

The entropy-device random number generator in subsys/random/random_entropy_device.c returned early with -ENODEV from rand_get() as soon as device_is_ready() failed, before reaching the non-cryptographic system-timer fallback further down the same function. Because z_impl_sys_rand_get() returns void and discards that error — and the public sys_rand_get() syscall is itself declared void, so it cannot report failure — the caller's output buffer was left untouched and its previous contents were handed back as random data. The thin wrappers make this a plain uninitialized read: sys_rand32_get() declares uint32_t ret;, calls sys_rand_get(&ret, sizeof(ret)) and returns ret. The "not ready" state is a normal runtime condition rather than a fault. Entropy drivers initialise at PRE_KERNEL_1 with CONFIG_ENTROPY_INIT_PRIORITY (default 50), so any earlier initialiser — kernel objects run at priority 30 — observes an unready device; the sibling generator subsys/random/random_xoshiro128.c and z_early_rand_get() in kernel/init.c both already carried an explicit timer fallback for exactly this case. The state is also permanent for the boot when an entropy driver's init hook fails, which several in-tree drivers can do on real hardware (entropy_stm32 on an RNG clock configuration error, entropy_psa_crypto when psa_crypto_init() fails, entropy_nrf_cracen, entropy_esp32, entropy_virtio). When this occurs, every non-cryptographic random value in the system is either a constant or stale memory. coap_next_token() in subsys/net/lib/coap/coap.c fills a static buffer, so every CoAP token becomes the same .bss constant; tcp_init_isn() in subsys/net/ip/tcp.c returns an uninitialized stack word as the TCP initial sequence number; DHCPv4/DHCPv6 transaction IDs, WebSocket masking keys and RTP SSRCs are similarly degraded, and arch/arm64/core/pac.c derives per-thread Pointer Authentication keys from the same source. Where the bytes are transmitted directly — SSH packet padding, the netmidi2 session nonce, a DTLS connection ID on builds without CONFIG_CSPRNG_ENABLED — stale caller stack or heap contents are disclosed on the wire. The fix initialises ret to -ENODEV and only calls entropy_get_entropy() when the device is ready, so the not-ready case now falls through to the timer fallback and the buffer is always written. The cryptographically secure path is unchanged: sys_csrand_get() still propagates the error to the caller and never silently degrades. An attacker cannot induce the unready state, but can observe and exploit the resulting non-random values remotely on an affected device.

Crypto OS & kernel

Improper Certificate Validation (CWE-295) in the operating system certificate bundle shipped in the Docker images of APM Server; Auditbeat, Filebeat, Heartbeat, Metricbeat and Packetbeat; Elastic Agent, including Fleet Server and Cloudbeat; Logstash, for TLS connections that use the operating system certificate bundle; Elastic connectors; Universal Profiling (host agent, collector and symbolizer); and Elastic Maps Server. This certificate bundle, a dependency of these products (Dependency on Vulnerable Third-Party Component, CWE-1395), could allow an attacker to intercept or modify TLS-protected traffic via Signature Spoofing by Key Theft (CAPEC-474). The certificate bundle includes root certificate authorities that signed eight eMudhra intermediate certificate authorities whose private keys are compromised. Anyone with these keys can issue a certificate for any host name that these products accept as trusted. Exploitation requires an attacker in a network position between the product and the remote party, who presents a certificate issued with one of the compromised keys.

Crypto Server

Incus 7.0.0 before 7.0.2 and 7.1.0 before 7.5.0 contains a signature verification flaw in its built-in S3 server that allows presigned URL holders to inject unsigned x-amz-* headers. Attackers can add an unsigned X-Amz-Copy-Source header to a presigned upload URL to copy other bucket objects onto the granted key, disclosing their contents and ETags.

Crypto Server

Libreswan in FIPS mode has a vulnerability where badly formed received certificates are rejected, but not deleted from the NSS cache. As a result, any real certificates with the same serial number are rejected as well. This can be abused to lock out legitimate peers from connecting. The add_decoded_cert() function missed a call to CERT_DestroyCertificate() due to an incorrect fix for CVE-2026-14957. Sending bogus certificates with new serial numbers could prevent the real certificates with those serial numbers from connecting until the service has restarted.

Crypto Network gear

mews/pos through 2.0.0 contains an insufficient verification of data authenticity vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to forge payment results by submitting unverified callbacks. GarantiPos, PayForPos and InterPos 3D Pay and 3D Host handlers skip check3DHash(), letting attackers post tampered status, amount or order ID fields to complete orders without paying.

Crypto

FreeSWITCH is a Software Defined Telecom Stack enabling the digital transformation from proprietary telecom switches to a software implementation that runs on any commodity hardware. Prior to 1.11.2, dtls_state_setup() compared a peer certificate with the SDP a=fingerprint only when FreeSWITCH was the DTLS client, not when it held the DTLS server role. An unauthenticated peer able to reach the negotiated media port could complete the DTLS-SRTP handshake with an unrelated certificate, obtain the leg's SRTP keys, decrypt and inject media, and displace the legitimate endpoint; on ICE-enabled legs the peer also needs the connectivity-check credentials from SDP, which generally requires signaling visibility or a position on its path. WebRTC and SIP DTLS-SRTP legs are affected whenever the peer selects the active role, while FreeSWITCH client-role handshakes already perform fingerprint validation. Version 1.11.2 introduces the remediation, which requires rtp_dtls_client_cert_verify_mode=fingerprint.

Crypto Server Freeswitch

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tipc: prevent GCM nonce reuse on peer key changes TIPC can encrypt traffic between nodes using a different transmit key for each node. In this mode, the AES-GCM nonce for a packet sent to a known peer consists of a 32-bit prefix (a per-key salt XOR the peer's address) followed by a 64-bit counter. That counter is stored in the peer's RX crypto object. When the peer reports a change in which key it uses to receive packets, TIPC resets this counter. The sender can still be using the same TX key and salt, so subsequent packets reuse earlier nonces. This nonce reuse breaks confidentiality and exposes GCM's authentication key. This makes forgeries trivial: an attacker can exploit CTR malleability to alter captured ciphertexts and use the recovered authentication key to compute a valid tag for the modified ciphertext, under the same key and nonce. Use the TX key's existing aead->seqno counter instead. All encryptions using that key object share the same atomic counter, so concurrent encryptions get distinct nonce counter values. The counter survives key activation and peer reconnection, and peer key-status reports cannot reset it. This prevents those transitions from causing nonce reuse while the same TX key remains installed. The nonce format is unchanged, and receivers do not require consecutive counter values, so sharing the counter across peers remains compatible with existing receivers. A pre-existing check still invokes key revocation in the unlikely event that the counter wraps to zero.

Crypto OS & kernel

An improper certificate validation vulnerability in HPE Networking Fabric Composer could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to access sensitive information if certain preconditions outside of the attacker's control are met. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to obtain sensitive information, including credentials.

Crypto

Forge (also called node-forge) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. Prior to 1.4.1, the affected implementation used pki.verifyCertificateChain(), pki.createCaStore(), duplicate subject names to process the relevant input or security decision. node-forge modified the CA store while trying certificates that shared a subject name during pki.verifyCertificateChain(). A failed chain verification could permanently remove trusted CA certificates from the store, causing later valid chains to fail and creating a persistent availability impact for applications that reused the store. This issue is fixed in version 1.4.1.

Crypto Digitalbazaar Forge

vault-java-driver, a Java client for HashiCorp Vault, silently disables TLS certificate and hostname verification in three states where the caller asked for verification: an SslConfig passed to VaultConfig without calling build(), an SslConfig restored by Java deserialization, and VAULT_SSL_VERIFY set to a truthy value other than "true", such as 1, yes or on. In each case SslConfig.isVerify() returns false and the driver installs a trust-all SSLContext. An attacker on the network path to the Vault server can then read the Vault token and secrets in transit and forge responses. This issue affects io.github.jopenlibs:vault-java-driver 5.2.0 through 6.2.3. It is fixed in 7.0.0.

Crypto Library

A Kafka broker using SASL/OAUTHBEARER with the default validator (sasl.oauthbearer.jwt.validator.class=DefaultJwtValidator) selects its implementation from configuration. When sasl.oauthbearer.jwks.endpoint.url is set, the validator verifies the JWT signature. When that URL is unset (the default) and no verification key resolver is supplied, DefaultJwtValidator silently falls back to ClientJwtValidator, which does not verify the JWT signature, algorithm, or issuer - and the broker starts with no warning or error. This is the residual of CVE-2026-33557, whose fix restored signature verification only on the path where the JWKS endpoint URL is set. Impact: A broker in this state accepts any structurally valid JWT, including "alg":"none" tokens. An unauthenticated remote attacker who can reach the listener can forge a token asserting any principal - including configured superusers - and gain full access to the cluster. Only brokers that enable SASL/OAUTHBEARER validation without a JWKS endpoint URL (and without a custom verification key resolver) are affected; brokers that set the URL verify signatures and are not affected. Unlike CVE-2026-110952 (issuer/audience not enforced by default), here no signature is verified at all. Mitigation (all affected versions, no upgrade required): Set sasl.oauthbearer.jwks.endpoint.url for every listener/mechanism that uses OAuthBearerValidatorCallbackHandler, or configure a signature-verifying sasl.oauthbearer.jwt.validator.class. Resolution: From Apache Kafka 4.2.2, 4.3.1, and 4.4.0: a broker that would fall back to the non-verifying ClientJwtValidator fails to start with a ConfigException instead of running without signature verification (secure by default).

Crypto Server

Tanium addressed an improper certificate validation vulnerability in Stream Client Extension.

Crypto

Electrum before 4.8.3 fails to verify signatures of wallet-owned inputs in unconfirmed mempool transactions, allowing malicious servers to replace a just-broadcast transaction with a conflicting one. Attackers can swallow the user's transaction and display an invalid zero-fee copy paying an attacker address, tricking users into RBF fee-bumping and signing it.

Crypto

`HmacShaCryptor.Hash` never hashed its input. For any input it returned `HMAC_K("")` — the MAC of the empty message under the key. Every AES-CBC-HMAC JWE produced or verified by gose therefore carried an authentication tag that is constant per key and independent of the message, removing ciphertext integrity entirely.

Crypto

An issue exists in MongoDB's macOS TLS client implementation where certificate chain-of-trust validation is bypassed for outbound connections to IPv6-addressed peers. When a MongoDB process using the Apple SecureTransport TLS backend connects to an IPv6 target, the trust evaluation result from SecTrustEvaluate is silently discarded, regardless of whether the peer's certificate is trusted. An on-path party could exploit this by presenting a self-signed certificate containing the target's IPv6 address in the Subject Alternative Name to intercept and modify encrypted inter-node or external service traffic. This issue only affects MongoDB processes running on macOS with the Apple SecureTransport TLS provider.

Crypto OS & kernel

Kyverno before 1.19.2 contains an authentication bypass in matchCertificateData that skips verifyImages subject and subjectRegExp checks when the signing certificate has no Subject Alternative Name. Attackers holding a leaf certificate from a configured private trust root can omit the SAN, set the expected Fulcio issuer OID, and sign malicious images that are admitted despite signer pinning.

Crypto Library Kyverno

An improper certificate validation vulnerability exists in Moxa Remote Connect Suite (MRC Client). Under certain conditions, an unauthenticated attacker with on-path access to the communication between the MRC Client and its server could impersonate a trusted server and conduct a man-in-the-middle attack, potentially compromising the confidentiality and integrity of communications.

Crypto Server

Progressive Robot hMailServer 6.0.0-B1 through 6.3.7 on Windows hands OpenSSL the names of its own TLS files - the listeners' certificates, chains, private keys and Diffie-Hellman parameters, a port's client-certificate CA file (from 6.2.19), the object store's CA file (from 6.3.4) and the ACME client's keys and certificates - as Latin-1 bytes, which on code page 1252 are the code page's own for U+00A0 to U+00FF, and OpenSSL's file opening on Windows reads a name as UTF-8 first and opens the file at that reading when it is there, or creates it there when its folder is. When every byte of a configured name outside ASCII also reads as UTF-8 - for example U+00C3 U+00A9, the bytes C3 A9, which are U+00E9 in UTF-8 - the server used the file at that other name whenever one was there, which allows a local attacker who can create that file or its folder but cannot change the configured one, as any user can by default beside a file an administrator keeps under ProgramData, to have a port that logs on by client certificate (from 6.2.25) accept certificates from a certificate authority of the attacker's own and so sign in over the network as any mailbox without its password; to have the server trust such an authority for its object store and, intercepting that connection, read and modify the messages it stores; to receive the private keys the ACME client writes, the key of a certificate issued for the server's names among them; or to keep TLS ports from starting. The configuration is not the default: by default these files have names in ASCII, client certificates are off on every port, and the object store and ACME are off. The Linux builds are not affected.

Crypto Server

Progressive Robot hMailServer 6.2.25 through 6.3.7 on Windows, with a PostgreSQL database, the connection's sslmode require, verify-ca or verify-full, and a root certificate file named by PostgreSQLSslRootCert (from 6.2.25) or, with TlsMode=verify-full and neither PostgreSQL key set, by TlsCaFile (from 6.3.4), hands the file's name to libpq as bytes in the system's ANSI code page (up to 6.3.5 as Latin-1 bytes, which on code page 1252 are the code page's own for U+00A0 to U+00FF), and libpq looks for the file by those bytes and then hands the same bytes to OpenSSL, whose file opening on Windows reads a name as UTF-8 first and opens the file at that reading when one is there. When every byte of the name outside ASCII also reads as UTF-8 - for example U+00C3 U+00A9, the bytes C3 A9 on code page 1252, which are U+00E9 in UTF-8 - the database server's certificate was checked against the file at that other name whenever one was there, which allows a local attacker who can create that file but cannot change the configured one, as any user can by default beside a file an administrator keeps under ProgramData, or beside a folder directly under the system drive's root whose permissions the administrator restricted, and who can intercept the connection to the database server or stand in for it, to have hMailServer trust a certificate authority of the attacker's own and read and modify the traffic between hMailServer and its database, the database password included; the file alone, holding no authority that issued the database server's certificate, stops hMailServer from connecting to its database. The same applies in 6.3.4 through 6.3.7 to TlsCaFile when an Oracle MySQL client library has been put in place of the bundled MariaDB Connector/C, since that client opens the file through OpenSSL in the same way; the bundled MariaDB Connector/C opens the file in the code page and is not affected, and neither are the Linux builds. The configuration is not the default: by default no root certificate file is named.

Crypto Server

The SAP Cloud SDK for Python contains an improper cryptographic signature verification vulnerability (CWE-347) in IASContextProvider, the runtime-context provider registered by default via bootstrap(app).IASContextProvider extracted the app_tid, sap_gtid and user_uuid claims from the IAS JWT in the Authorization header using an unverified decoder and wrote them into the request-scoped RuntimeContext without validating the token signature. A remote caller could submit a self-signed JWT naming a victim tenant/user; the forged identity then propagated to every consumer of the runtime context:OTel span attributes (sap.tenancy.tenant_id, user.id) via RuntimeContextSpanProcessorlog records via IdentityLogFilteraudit events (tenant_id, user_initiator_id) via AuditClienttenant routing via CBCClientThis completes an earlier remediation that fixed the same unverified pattern in StarletteIASTelemetryMiddleware but did not cover IASContextProvider.

Crypto Library

Forge (also called node-forge) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. Prior to 1.4.1, node-forge enforced an X.509 CA certificate's basicConstraints.pathLenConstraint only when that certificate also carried a keyUsage extension. Exploitation requires a path-length-constrained CA without keyUsage that chains to a root trusted by the application, and an attacker who holds that CA's private key or obtains a subordinate CA certificate from it. The attacker could then construct a chain exceeding the declared path length that still passed pki.verifyCertificateChain(). Public web PKI CA certificates normally include keyUsage; private PKIs with CA certificates created without it are more likely to be affected. This issue is fixed in version 1.4.1.

Crypto Digitalbazaar Forge

IBM Cloud Pak System 2.3.6.0, and 2.3.6.1 uses weaker than expected cryptographic algorithms that could allow an attacker to decrypt highly sensitive information.

Crypto Server IBM Cloud Pak System